Objectives: To study the histopathological features of neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions of breast. To correlate the pathological findings with clinical parameters. Design and methods: We have studied total 161 cases of breast lesions over a period of two years in our institute. The specimens were received in histopathology section of our department. Detailed gross examination of specimens was done followed by fixation, thorough sampling, and tissue processing. The different lesions were studied by histopathological examination and analysed. Neoplastic lesions were classified according to the WHO classification (2012). Results: Out of the 161 cases, 128 cases had neoplastic lesions and 32 cases had non-neoplastic lesions, and one case had coexistent neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions. Two cases had dual neoplastic lesions. Out of the total 129 cases with neoplastic lesions, 76 cases had benign breast tumors, 53 cases had malignant breast tumors, and 2 cases had precursor lesions. Fibroadenoma was the most common benign tumour with 60 cases. Invasive carcinoma no special type was the most common malignant tumour with 43 cases. Special subtypes of invasive carcinoma found in our study were metaplastic carcinoma (3 cases) and mucinous carcinoma (1 case). The most common nonneoplastic lesion was mastitis with 12 cases, followed by duct ectasia and fibrocystic change. There were 4 cases of gynaecomastia. All the tumors involved upper outer quadrant most frequently. The benign tumors were most frequent in second, third and fourth decades, malignant tumours were seen beyond 4 th decade. The nonneoplastic lesions were common in 4 th decade. Conclusion: Histopathological study is important in the management of breast lumps

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Primary actinomycosis of breast is a rare disease with only a few cases reported in the literature. We present a case of a 25-year-old lactating woman with primary actinomycosis of breast which was diagnosed on cytology. The patient presented with lump in left breast with dull aching pain. Fine-needle aspiration cytology smears showed acute suppurative inflammation with presence of fluffy basophilic colonies on Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and branched, Gram positive filamentous bacilli on Gram staining. The bacilli were non-acid fast with 1% Zeihl Neelsen stain. A diagnosis of actinomycosis was suggested on cytology. Histopathological examination revealed an abscess with few Gram positive basophilic granules surrounded by eosinophilic Splendore-Hoeppli material thus confirming the diagnosis of actinomycosis. Meticulous search for microorganisms with the aid of special stains should be done on cytology smears before labeling an inflammatory lesion as nonspecific. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:693-695. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Embryonal (undifferentiated) sarcomas arising in mesenchymal hamartoma are on record but cases of hepatic angiosarcoma (AS) arising in mesenchymal hamartoma (MH) of the liver are extremely rare. We report one such case in a 20-year-old male patient. He presented with a lump in the right hypochondriac region and pain of two years duration with rapid increase in size since two months. Ultrasonography (USG) revealed a well circumscribed mass on the undersurface of the right lobe of liver suggestive of hemangioma. The patient underwent resection of the mass. Histopathology revealed AS with areas of MH.

Background: Tumourlike lesions or reactive lesions of the oral cavity are group of fibroconnective tissue lesions that commonly occur in the oral mucosa as a result of injury. Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the relative prevalence of different histopathological aspects of oral soft tissue tumourlike lesions which were received at Pathology department, Government medical college, Miraj, Maharashtra Methods: A total number of 95 cases of tumourlike lesions were included in the study. Specimens were received at department of pathology, Government medical college, Miraj, Maharashtra over a period of 5 years from August 2008 to July 2013. It was one year retrospective and four years prospective, cross sectional study Result: A total number of 642 oral biopsies and excised specimens were studied, out of which 95cases (14.8%) belonged to tumourlike lesions. Among tumorlike lesions, pyogenic granuloma (47.38%) was the commonest lesion, followed by Mucocele (26.32%). Majority of tumorlike lesions were located on gingiva (38.94%) followed by lower lip (28.42%). Males (57.89%) were more commonly affected than females and the commonest symptom was swelling (100%). Conclusion:The most common tumourlike lesion in our study was pyogenic granuloma. Few very rare and interesting cases like plasma cell granuloma and Nasolabial cyst were also seen. Tumorlike lesions presented mainly as nodule or swelling, which should be differentiated from other benign and sometimes malignant lesions, as the tumourlike lesions have good prognosis when compared to malignant lesions. Hence histopathology remains the mainstay for correct diagnosis and treatment.

Primitive neuroepithelial differentiation in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) has been reported in children but is extremely rare in adults. The authors report the case of a 70-year-old woman who presented with swelling of the right leg of 1-month duration. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Histopathological examination of the excised mass revealed a MPNST with spindle-cell areas and a few round-cell areas with rosettes. The spindle cells showed positive immunoreactivity for S-100 protein and vimentin and negativity for desmin, confirming their nerve sheath origin. The round cells were immunoreactive for synaptophysin and chromogranin, indicating primitive neuroepithelial differentiation. These cells did not stain for CD99, which is consistently expressed by the cells of primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) of bone and soft tissue but not by central nervous system (CNS) PNETs or medulloblastomas. In this case, the PNET-like focus resembled a CNS-PNET.

Adenocarcinoma of the anal canal accounts for about 20% of all anal canal cancers. It is subclassified into two types. (1) Colorectal type, which arises from the mucosa above dentate line and (2) extramucosal type, which includes adenocarcinoma arising in anorectal fistulae and adenocarcinoma arising from anal glands. Anal gland adenocarcinomas are extremely rare. In this article, we present two cases of anal adenocarcinoma, one colorectal type, and other anal gland carcinoma along with review of literature.

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