FNAC of lymph nodes in HIV positive patients—a diagnostic boon

Gosavi, Alka Vikas; Sulhyan, Kalpana Ranjitsingh; Shetty, Divya; Murarkar, Prashant Shankarrao; Jadhav, Rahul Manchakrao

doi:10.1016/j.jasc.2016.12.004

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The most common cytomorphological category of tuberculous lymphadenitis in the present study was caseous necrosis with epithelioid cell granuloma and multinucleated giant cells. Necrotizing suppurative inflammation and neutrophilic aggregates were also observed, which is consistent with some studies [6,7,18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Analysis of the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy using fine-needle aspiration cytology combining cell block in Chinese patients with and without HIV infection

et al. 2020

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Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy refers to a frequently observed clinical presentation in numerous pathological conditions. A wide spectrum of diseases can cause cervical lymphadenopathy, irrespective of the fact that the patients are infected with HIV or not. The present study focuses on validating whether the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy differ significantly in HIV and non-HIV patients by using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) combining cell block. Methods: A total of 589 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy were recruited in the FNA clinic. The samples were obtained by an auto-vacuumed syringe that benefited the sampling more materials. The cytological smears were prepared by Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), Gomori's methenamine silver (GMS) and acid-fast staining. Cell blocks were made if required, and immunohistochemistry stain was performed on the cell block section.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The HIV positive patient group comprised more males than females, which is consistent with other studies [6,7]. However, in HIV negative patients, males were very few in number; the proportion was significantly lower than that in HIV-infected patients, thus indicating that HIV infection mainly affects males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Analysis of the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy using fine-needle aspiration cytology combining cell block in Chinese patients with and without HIV infection

et al. 2020

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“…Necrotizing suppurative inflammation and neutrophilic aggregates were also observed, which is consistent with some studies [6,7,18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Analysis of the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy using Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology combining cell block in Chinese Patients with and without HIV infection

Sun

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Cervical lymphadenopathy refers to a frequently observed clinical presentation in numerous pathological conditions. A wide spectrum of diseases can cause cervical lymphadenopathy, irrespective of the fact that the patients are infected with HIV or not. The present study focuses on validating whether the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy differ significantly in HIV and non-HIV patients by using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) combining cell block.Methods A total of 589 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy were recruited in the FNA clinic. The samples were obtained by an auto-vacuumed syringe that benefited the sampling more materials. The cytological smears were prepared by Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), Gomori’s methenamine silver (GMS) and acid-fast staining. Cell blocks were made if required, and immunohistochemistry stain was performed on the cell block section.Results The study found 453 (76.9%) patients with HIV and 136 (23.1%) patients without HIV infection. The average age of HIV-infected patients was 34.8 ±10.2 years, which was significantly lower than that of non-HIV-infected patients (42.9 ±18.1 years) (p<0.01). Of all patients infected with HIV, 390 (86.1%) were males. This proportion was significantly higher than that of non-HIV-infected patients [65/136 (47.8%)] (p<0.01). The major causes of cervical lymphadenopathy in HIV positive patients were mycobacterial infection (38.4%), reactive hyperplasia (28.9%), non-specific inflammation (19.9%), and malignant lesions (4.2%). In contrast, the most common causes in HIV negative patients were reactive hyperplasia (37.5%), malignancy (20.6%), non-specific inflammation (19.1%) and mycobacterial infection (12.5%). Opportunistic infections such as non-tuberculous mycobacteria (4.2%), cryptococcosis (1.5%), Talaromyces marneffei (1.5%) and other fungi (0.4%) were found only in HIV-infected individuals. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (2.4%) was the most common malignant lesion in patients with HIV infection, followed by Kaposi's sarcoma (0.9%) and metastatic squamous cell carcinomas (0.7%). However, the most common malignancy in non-HIV-infected patients was metastatic carcinomas (14%) including small cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and hepatocellular carcinoma, which were noticeably greater than the HIV patients (p<0.01).Conclusions There were significantly different causes of cervical lymphadenopathy in HIV infected and non-HIV infected patients. FNAC was a useful diagnostic method for differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy.

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Detection of antigen Ag85B expression is useful for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially for those with an antituberculosis treatment history

Dong

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2023

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

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Objectives The present study used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect antigen Ag85B in tissue sections and aimed to evaluate its validity in histopathologic diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Methods In total, 204 patients with confirmed TB and 40 other diseases were included in the present study. Ziehl-Neelsen (Z-N) stains, IHC (anti-Ag85B), and quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction were used to detect acid-fast bacilli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigen, and MTB DNA. Results Immunohistochemistry was significantly more sensitive than Z-N stains (93.1% vs 67.2%; P < .001). The sensitivity of Z-N stains significantly correlated with anti-TB treatment history. The sensitivity of Z-N stains was lower in rifampicin (RIF)-resistant TB compared with RIF-sensitive TB (52.8% vs 69.0%; P = .091) and those without treatment history (52.8% vs 84.0%; P = .015). However, IHC was not significantly affected by treatment history (P = .410). Moreover, expression patterns of Ag85B were dependent on treatment history and commonly showed weak scattered spots in RIF-susceptible TB. Conversely, strong brown rods were often found in those with RIF-resistant TB. Conclusions Immunohistochemistry is a simple, sensitive technique for the diagnosis of TB, especially for those patients with treatment history. The expression pattern of Ag85B is a potential marker for evaluating anti-TB treatment response.

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FNAC of lymph nodes in HIV positive patients—a diagnostic boon

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Analysis of the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy using fine-needle aspiration cytology combining cell block in Chinese patients with and without HIV infection

Analysis of the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy using fine-needle aspiration cytology combining cell block in Chinese patients with and without HIV infection

Analysis of the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy using Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology combining cell block in Chinese Patients with and without HIV infection

Detection of antigen Ag85B expression is useful for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially for those with an antituberculosis treatment history

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