Abstract— Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) rays emitted from Xe during the operation of surface‐discharge ac plasma‐display panels (PDPs) were observed directly by using a recently developed ultra‐high‐speed electronic camera. It is confirmed that 147‐ and 173‐nm VUV rays are emitted from both the cathode and the anode simultaneously. The direct observation shows that the emitting area for 147‐ and 173‐nm emissions above the cathode and the anode extends outward from the edge of the gap. These emission extensions are considered to be caused by a lowering of the electric field above the area due to the accumulation of wall charges. The intensity of the 147‐ and 173‐nm emissions above the anode decays faster than those above the cathode. It is clarified that the difference in the decay characteristics of VUV rays above the cathode and the anode is caused by the difference in the wall‐charge‐accumulation rates above the cathode and the anode. The major reactions concerning the generation of Xe(1s4), a xenon resonant state, which is related to 147‐nm emission, and that of Xe2Y*, a xenon molecule state, which is related to 173‐nm emission, are discussed.
VDS VDS VGS VGS Inter-stage matching networks (a) Inter-stage matching networks VDS VGS VGS VDS VDS VGS VGS VDS (b) Fig. 1 Schematic layouts of inter-stage matching networks. (a) Singleended amplifier with "fishbone" layout. (b) Differential amplifier with capacitive cross-coupling with "millipede" layout.Abstract-This paper presents a wi band differential amplifier operating at 138 GHz in 40-nm CMOS. It is composed of five differential common source stages with cross-coupled capacitors. A small-signal gain of 18 dB at 138 GHz and a 3-dB bandwidth of 27 GHz are achieved. It consumes 75 mW from a 0.94-V voltage supply. The die area with balun and pads is 945 × 842 μm 2 and the core size not including input output matching networks is 201 × 284 μm 2 . The small core area is realized by using a refined "fishbone" layout technique.
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