Nano-alumina-doped catechol formaldehyde polymeric composite was prepared, characterized, and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of an anionic dye Congo red (CR) and a cationic dye SafraninO (SF), by adsorption process especially from aqueous solutions. Characterizations such as particle size distribution, zeta potential, BET, FTIR, and FESEM-EDAX were carried out for the adsorbent prepared. All experiments were conducted at the batch condition to study the effects of initial dye concentration (CR: 30–90 mg/L and SF: 10–50 mg/L), pH (2–11), temperature (25–55°C), and adsorbent dosage (0.05–0.3 g) on dye removal. The isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin) were analyzed for this adsorption work. The kinetic data obtained were analyzed by the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Bangham, and Chien–Clayton equations. Dyes adsorption data were well fitted with the Freundlich isotherm equilibrium model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Study results suggested that the nano-alumina-polymeric composite could be an effective adsorbent for anionic dye rather than cationic dye.
a b s t r ac tMicro pharmaceutical pollutant, ibuprofen, was removed from aqueous solutions by microwave irradiated thermally activated Aegle marmelos correa fruit shell (MTAS). The main and interactive effects of five process variables such as adsorbent dose (0.125-0.5 g L -1), initial ibuprofen concentration (100-300 µg L -1 ), contact time (1-3 h), pH (2-12) and temperature (20°C-40°C) were investigated via response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken statistical design. The optimum values of the key variables were estimated using Derringer's desirability function. The optimal values were found to be adsorbent dose 0.241 g, initial ibuprofen concentration 150 µg L -1 , pH 8.69, temperature 33.57°C and contact time 1.42 h with maximum desirability of 91%. The equilibrium data obeyed RedlichPeterson isotherm which showed that the MTAS was heterogeneous and ibuprofen was adsorbed in multilayers. The kinetic investigation showed that the ibuprofen was chemisorbed on MTAS surface following Avrami's fractional-order kinetics. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that ibuprofen adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Regeneration of exhausted MTAS found to be possible via acetic acid as eluent.
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