In a familistic southern European society such as the Portuguese, the family has historically played a prominent role in supporting the negotiation of transition pathways into adulthood. The present study aimed at capturing (1) the relative weight of parental financial support and autonomy support in contributing to the youngsters' psychological well‐being (PWB), and (2) the mediating role of identity capital and uncertainty management in this relationship. A total of 620 participants completed measures of parental support, identity capital, uncertainty management and PWB. Autonomy support was found to be the strongest predictor of PWB, both directly and indirectly through its effects on identity capital and the use of target focused uncertainty management strategies. Conversely, financial support evidenced only a minor indirect impact through the mediation of tangible identity capital. Autonomy stimulation may constitute one of the most developmentally determinant family challenges in assisting the process of coming of age in Portugal.
The aim of the present study is to determine whether the influence of parenting style on children’s wellbeing is sustained during emerging adulthood. This is a stage in which young people, despite feeling themselves to be adults, often remain in the family home and continue to be financially dependent on their parents. Moreover, since parents’ beliefs, attitudes and behaviors are constructed and interpreted within their cultural milieu, the study also aims to explore the situation in Spain (SP) and Portugal (PT). Those two Southern Europe countries are representative of what is known as the “family welfare regime”, in which the family acts as the main provider of care and security not only during childhood, but also during emerging adulthood. Thus, the present study examines, from a cross-cultural perspective, the relationship between perceived parenting styles and psychological adjustment among a sample of 1047 emerging adults from Spain and Portugal. The results reveal that the most beneficial styles during this stage are the authoritative and permissive ones, with the authoritarian style being more closely related to psychological distress. The study highlights intercultural similarities and the positive role played by more symmetrical relationships in the adjustment of emerging adults in both countries.
Resumo Este estudo objetivou adaptar e apresentar evidências de validade de construto, convergente e discriminante da Academic and Athletic Identity Scale para o contexto brasileiro. Participaram da pesquisa 303 estudantes universitários brasileiros (M =23,33 anos, DP = 4,605). A amostra respondeu a um questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de Identidade Acadêmica e Atlética, Escala de Identidade Profissional e Escala Flourishing. A análise fatorial confirmatória evidenciou que a versão brasileira da AAIS reproduziu integralmente a estrutura original do instrumento. As dimensões identidade acadêmica e identidade atlética apresentaram correlação significativa entre si (r = 0,205, p<0,001). A dimensão identidade acadêmica apresentou correlação significativa com identidade profissional (r = 0,354, p<0,001) e flourishing (r = 0,269, p<0,001), enquanto a identidade atlética não apresentou correlação significativa com a identidade profissional e flourishing. Os resultados evidenciaram propriedades psicométricas da AAIS-Br que recomendam seu uso em investigações destinadas a avaliar o grau da identificação com os papéis acadêmico e atlético de estudantes universitários brasileiros que praticam esportes.
Victimisation has a negative effect on psychosocial functioning. Based on the resilience theory, and with a sample of 2,975 Portuguese students, the present study aims to: i) identify patterns of adjustment in the face of peer victimisation and perceptions of discrimination; ii) explore the association between the patterns of adjustment and the characteristics of participants (the who) and of the victimisation (the when and why). Cluster analysis revealed five patterns of adjustment: Unchallenged; Externally Maladjusted; Internally Maladjusted; Resilient, and At-Risk. The results suggest that there is no complete resilience in the face of social victimisation. Group differences were found regarding: i) gender, type of course, sexual orientation, ethnicity, nationality, parental educational level and religious beliefs; ii) the age at which peer victimisation was more frequent, and; iii) the motives underlying discrimination. Globally considered, peer victimisation is representative of the wider cultural environment and interventions should also target social prejudices.
RESUMONo contexto escolar, habilidades sociais de professores e crianças, assim como problemas de comportamento concorrem para o desenvolvimento social e a aprendizagem dos alunos, verificando-se carência de instrumento que avalie de modo integrado tais variáveis. Com tal propósito, objetiva-se apresentar o instrumento RE-HSE-Pr e sua validação. O RE-HSE-Pr foi elaborado na mesma racional de instrumento já aferido, tendo os pais como fonte de informação, e sua apresentação após validação é de nove perguntas guias, organizadas em três eixos: Comunicação, Afeto e Estabelecimento de limites. Participaram da amostra os professores de 283 crianças pré-escolares e escolares que responderam ao RE-HSE-Pr e ao Teacher's Report Form. Procedeu-se, conforme as metodologias técnicas, as avaliações das validades de construto e discriminante e fidedignidade. Identificaram-se dois fatores (total positivo; total negativo), com alfa adequado e as análises discriminantes diferenciaram casos de não casos, meninos de meninas, pré-escolares de escolares. Os indicadores psicométricos foram satisfatórios. Palavras-chave: habilidades sociais educativas; práticas educativas; problemas de comportamento; habilidades sociais; escola. ABSTRACT -Validity of the Interview Script of Educational Practices for Teachers (RE-HSE-Pr)In the school context, social skills in teachers and children, as well as child behavioral problems, contribute to the social development and learning of the students, however, there is no instrument that evaluates these variables in an integrated way. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the validation of the Interview Script of Educational Practices for Teachers (RE-HSE-Pr) instrument. The RE-HSE-Pr was developed in a similar way to other pre-existing instruments in which parents are the information source. After validation, it had 9 guide-questions organized on three information axes: Communication, Affection and Establishment of Limits. Participants were teachers of 283 pre-school and school age children, who answered both the RE-HSE-Pr and Teacher's Report Form (TRF). Evaluations of the construct and discriminant validity and reliability were performed, according to technical procedures. Two factors with adequate alpha (positive total; negative total) were identified, and discriminant analyses discriminated cases from non-cases; boys from girls and pre-school children from school children. Psychometric indicators were satisfactory. Keywords: educational social skills; educational practices; behavior problems; social skills; school. RESUMEN -Validación de la Guía de Entrevistas de Prácticas Educativas para Profesores (RE-HSE-Pr)En el contexto escolar, las habilidades sociales de profesores y niños, así como problemas de conducta, concurren para el desarrollo social y el aprendizaje de los alumnos, comprobando carencia de un instrumento que evalúe de modo integrado tales variables. Con este propósito, se pretende presentar el instrumento RE-HSE-Pr y su validación. El RE-HSE-Pr fue elaborado de igual modo que el instru...
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