Kemajemukan merupakan kekayaan dan modal sosial yang sangat baik. Pada sisi lain, kemajemukan memiliki potensi konflik laten yang dapat mengancam keamanan, dan perdamaian di masyarakat. Sebagai salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki tingkat pluralisme yang kompleks, Papua ditinggali oleh berbagai suku asli Papua dan suku yang berasal dari luar Provinsi Papua. Dalam artikel ini, peneliti menguraikan strategi komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) yakni Kodam XVII Cenderawasih dan Lantamal X Jayapura. Kedua institusi yang merupakan institusi Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) dalam bertanggung jawab menciptakan situasi kondusif di masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi komunikasi antar budaya oleh TNI sebagai wujud kemanunggalannya dengan rakyat, yaitu: smart-power, yang terdiri dari Soft power diterapkan kepada pihak non bersenjata, sedangkan hard power diterapkan kepada kelompok sipil yang bersenjata. Strategi komunikasi antar budaya dilakukan dengan pendekatan agama, budaya, dan kesetaraan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi bagi Kodam XVII Cendrawasih dan Lantamal X Jayapura.

The problem of natural disasters, such as tsunamis, tends to increase from year to year, mainly due to Indonesia's location in the Pacific Ring of Fire (Ring of Fire) and exacerbated by the lack of tools that can inform early for people if a geological disaster will occur and the lack of early warning for geological disasters installed according to local needs. The tsunami disaster will have a harmful and destructive impact on an area where the community suffers a significant material loss. Therefore, this study aims to determine the priority weight of each region in installing early warning tools to minimize the risk of geological disasters in Indonesia using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and Cost-Benefit Analysis methods. This type of research is descriptive exploratory research, using qualitative data analysis methods—classifying regional criteria in Indonesia to determine the installation zone for early detection of natural disasters. The weighting and assessment are carried out on regional factors. Early detection tools for natural disasters are determined using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, which provides subjective calculations based on the hierarchical structure of regional components, namely Dense Settlements, Business Activities, Strategic Buildings Conservation Areas. The subjective calculation is combined with sub-criteria components from the area in coastal settlements, urban settlements, significant business activities, small business activities, important strategic buildings, historical strategic buildings, water conservation areas, and wildlife conservation areas. They support data taken directly through questionnaires and secondary data as comparison data. The data and results of AHP calculations are presented in the form of a parameter table based on the factor component of the regional component. The results of the analysis show that the detectors are divided into four types, namely CBT, Buy, Gauge, and ISDL

The South China Sea have strategic value, from economic and military aspects. In some parts of the waters there is an overlap of jurisdictions between claimant states (Brunei Darussalam, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, and China), causing a high potential for conflict. Geopolitical turbulence in the South China Sea region further illustrates the dynamic strategic environment and adds complexity to threats to security in the region. The panelitian method used is a qualitative descriptive method. According to Sugiyono, descriptive methods are studies that describe, describe, or describe the state of the object studied as what it is, according to the situation and conditions when research is done. The theories used are balance of power, military of balance, steps-to-war, and balance of threat. China’s rapid military development has made it a powerful country and has the potential to become a hegemony in the region and will create new tensions in the region. This situation encourages countries in the region to increase their military capabilities, produce military weaponry and equipment, and even form military alliances to offset China’s military capabilities in the region. The U.S.-China rivalry makes the South China Sea region a single geostrategic theater that will drag regional countries into the maelstrom of conflict, including Indonesia in it. Facing a dynamic environment, Indonesia with an active defensive strategy deploys land aspect forces that have been centrally structured and dispersed (territorial command units), in an effort to prevent assertive actions from other countries.

Kebijakan Umum Pertahanan Negara Tahun 2015-2019 ditetapkan dengan Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 97 Tahun 2015, merupakan pedoman dasar bagi Menteri Pertahanan dalam menetapkan kebijakan mengenai penyelenggaraan pertahanan negara dan bagi pimpinan Kementerian/Lembaga dalam menetapkan kebijakan sesuai dengan tugas, fungsi, dan wewenang masing-masing terkait bidang pertahanan. Kedudukannya sangat penting dan strategis, sehingga menggugah penulis untuk menemukan kelebihan dan kekurangannya ditinjau dari aspek substansi dan prosedural agar dapat dijadikan bahan masukan dan rekomendasi dalam perumusan kebijakan di masa datang. Pembahasan artikel ini didasarkan pada teori kebijakan secara umum, kebijakan pertahanan negara, dan analisis kebijakan sebagai operasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyusunan artikel ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif melalui analisis data yang didapatkan dalam studi dokumen dihadapkan pada parameter-parameter yang telah ditetapkan. Dari analisis yang dilakukan didapatkan beberapa temuan dari aspek substansi, yaitu: definisi ancaman yang tidak spesifik dan proporsi materi ancaman yang belum seimbang, sedangkan dari aspek prosedural, yaitu: belum adanya badan/lembaga sebagai driver force untuk mengkoordinir seluruh proses kebijakan, kualitas dan kuantitas personil Pokja belum sesuai harapan, dan perbedaan sudut pandang tentang kedudukan kebijakan dalam sistem perencanaan.

The threat of terror in Southeast Asia has been currently divided into three generations of terror: Al-Qaeda terror network, ISIS terror network and IS terror network.This study aims at providing a risk analysis on the development of the Islamic State network in Southeast Asia. This study employed Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach, TOPSIS. The AHP method is used to give weight to risk identification criteria. The TOPSIS method is used to provide the value analysis of threats, vulnerability, and impact in order to determine the threat-based risk level assessment, vulnerability, and the impact of the TOPSIS calculation results. The risk analysis of the development of Islamic State in Southeast Asia resulted three countries were categorized in the category of Low: Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Indonesia has the value of risk factor of 0.170; Malaysia has the value of risk factor of 0.088 and Thailand has the value of risk factor of 0.176. On the other hand, the Philippines has the value of risk factor of 0.351 in the category of Guarded.

In a decision-making environment related to risk, there are four basic circumstances, namely certainty, risk, uncertainty and conflict. The dynamics of the strategic environment in Southeast Asia cannot be separated from the movement of the development of the Islamic State (IS). The terror threat in Southeast Asia is currently divided into different generations of terror, namely the threat of the Al-Qaeda terror network and the threat of the ISIS terror network. This study aims to analyze and identify the risk value of the development of the Islamic State network in Southeast Asia using the Borda and TOPSIS methods. The Borda method is used to give weight to the criteria related to risk analysis. The TOPSIS method is used to provide a criteria-based risk score. This research is limited to the Southeast Asia region with 4 (four) major countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. This research is expected to contribute to control the development of Islamic state networks in the Southeast Asian region. Based on the results of the overall risk analysis, it was found that the Philippines has the highest risk factor value for Islamic State (IS) with a value of 0.550 at level 4 in the High category. Indonesia maintains a risk factor value of 0.307. Thailand has a risk factor value of 0.427. Indonesia and Thailand are at level 3 with the Medium category. Meanwhile, Malaysia has a risk factor value of 0.203 at level 2 in the Low category.

The development of the Islamic State (IS) in Southeast Asia creates changes in the social order in a direct and indirect manner. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the development of the Islamic State (IS) and analyze the influence of its development on social vulnerability in Southeast Asia. This study employed a mixed-method supported by the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and System Dynamics (SD). Based on the results of research from relevant experts, this study uncovered seven the most dominant and structured problems. Furthermore, there are fourteen elements related to the social vulnerability of the Islamic State (IS) in Southeast Asia. The social vulnerability value is 0.01 and is categorized as Low Vulnerability. The aspects that influence the development of Islamic State indicate that the existing social system in Southeast Asia is strong enough in encountering the influence of ideology and the development of the Islamic State.

The phenomenon of international conflict that occurred after the Cold War opens the United Nations' opportunity to play a more significant role in maintaining international peace and security. UN peacekeeping operations are one form of response to the challenges that arise at this time. This operation is a multidimensional operation that includes peacemaking, peacekeeping, and peacebuilding activities. The complexity of the conflict in Sierra Leone, West Africa, in the early 90s was caused by poor governance and illegal exploitation of diamonds, resulting in large numbers of civilian casualties and various other problems, such as rising poverty and unemployment increasing numbers of refugees. Given the Sierra Leonean government’s powerlessness in resolving the conflict, the UN, about international organizations, intervened in restoring and achieving peace. In this article, the author tries to analyze the role of the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone to resolve Sierra Leone’s internal conflicts in 1994-2005, with activities as a mediator for the warring parties and sending peacekeeping forces in the country. This paper is based on the author’s experience as a Military Observer at Unamsil and literature studies. The U.N./Unamsil played a significant role in resolving the conflict there. This needs to be known and informed to the general public and the military to understand the United Nations’ role better.