Obesity, an intractable metabolic disease, currently has no medical treatment without side effects, so studies have been actively carried out to find natural compounds that have anti-obesity activity with minimum side effects. In this study, the anti-obesity effects of water extracts of seven Capsicum annuum L. varieties being Putgochu (Pca), Oyee gochu (Oca), Kwari putgochu (Kca), Green pepper (Gca), Yellow paprika (Yca), Red paprika (Rca) and Cheongyang gochu (Cca), were examined through the evaluation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression level in 3T3-L1 cells (mouse pre-adipocytes). After capsaicin elimination by chloroform defatting, freeze-dried powder of Cca was treated to 3T3-L1 cells and anti-obesity effects were examined by determining the LPL mRNA level using the RT-PCR method. Of the primary fractions, only proven fractions underwent secondary and tertiary refractionating to determine anti-obesity effects. From seven different Capsicum annuum L., there was a significant decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level of 50.9% in Cca treatment compared to the control group. A significant decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level was shown in primary fractions (Fr) 5 (36.2% decrease) and 6 (30.5% decrease) of the Cca water extracts. Due to the impurities checked by UPLC chromatography, Fr 5 and 6 were refractionated to determine the LPL mRNA expression level. Treatment of Fr 6-6 (35.8% decrease) and Fr 5-6 (35.3% decrease) showed a significant decrease in the LPL mRNA expression level. When analyzed using UPLC, major compounds of Fr 6-6 and Fr 5-6 were very similar. Subsequently, we refractionated Fr 6-6 and Fr 5-6 to isolate the major peak for structure elucidation. Treatment of Fr 5-6-1 (26.6% decrease) and Fr 6-6-1 (29.7% decrease) showed a significant decrease in the LPL mRNA expression level. Consequently, the fractions may have a possibility to ameliorate obesity through the decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level.

Schizandra chinensis Baillon is a traditional folk medicine plant that is used to treat and prevent several inflammatory diseases and cancer in Korea, but the underlying mechanisms involved in its anti-allergic activity are not fully understood. This study was designed to investigate mechanisms of anti-allergic activity of a Schizandra chinensis Baillon water extract (SCWE) in immunoglobulin E (IgE)-antigen complex-stimulated RBL2H3 cells and to assess whether gastric and intestinal digestion affects the anti-allergic properties of SCWE. Oxidative stress is an important consequence of the allergic inflammatory response. The antioxidant activities of SCWE increased in a concentration-dependent manner. RBL-2H3 cells were sensitized with monoclonal anti-dinitrophenol (DNP) specific IgE, treated with SCWE, and challenged with the antigen DNP-human serum albumin. SCWE inhibited β-hexosaminidase release and expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) mRNA and protein in IgE-antigen complex-stimulated RBL2H3 cells. We found that digested SCWE fully maintained its antioxidant activity and anti-allergic activity against the IgE-antigen complex-induced activation of RBL-2H3 cells. SCWE may be useful for preventing allergic diseases, such as asthma. Thus, SCWE could be used as a natural functional ingredient for allergic diseases in the food and/or pharmaceutical industries.

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To investigate inhibitory effects of green pepper water extract on lipoprotein lipase activity, the extract were supplemented to 3T3‐ L1 cells and changes of lipoprotein lipase(LPL) activities were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). We also subfractionated water extract of green pepper by using columns packed with sephadex LH20 and MCI CHP‐20. Subfractions were checked by UPLC and LPL activity was also investigated.

Collagen is a well known protein found in animal muscle and skin, especially in connective tissue. This study was performed to assess the antioxidaive and whitening effects of collagen isolated from masou salmon(Oncorhynchusmasou) in vitro. The collagen isolated from masou salmon skin and meat by enzymatic hydrolysis. Inhibitory effects of collagen peptide to free radical generation were determined by measuring DPPH, TBARS and hydroxyl radical scavenginga ctivities.

We measured an effect by using the enzyme activity of the antiobesity key enzyme. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) catalyses the hydrolysis of the triacylglycerol component of circulating chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins, thereby providing non‐esterified fatty acids and 2‐monoacylglycerol for tissue utilisation. Also activation of fatty acids by acyl‐CoA synthetase(ACS) and carnitine acetyl transferase(CAT) enzymes is required for de novo lipid synthesis, fatty acid catabolism, and remodeling of biological membranes. It is known that the capsaicin of the red pepper controls a fat already and there is an effect. But we result of partitioning the water extracts of the green pepper according to a solvent and evaluating that, the antiobesity effect was exposed to be shown in the fractions using the water. Therefore, the antiobesity effect of the green pepper is considered to be besides a capsaicin.Thanks to financially support the Economy(MKE) through the fostering project of the Human Resource Training Project for Regional Innovation.