(tarsus, carpus, metacarpus, metatarsus and phalanges (n=57)

Background: Vascular ring anomaly is considered a hereditary change. It occurs when the fourth right aortic arch persists instead of the fourth left aortic arch, forming a vascular ring that compress the esophagus causing esophageal dilatation cranial to the compression site. Diagnosis is based upon anamnesis, physical examination, clinical signs and complementary exams (radiograph, complete blood count and biochemical tests). The clinical treatment is inadequate, since the dilatation persists and tends to progress causing irreversible tissue injury. Surgical correction is indicated and consists of the arterial ligament resection and correction of the esophageal stenosis.Case: The objective of the current study is to report two case of persistence of right aortic arch in two cats referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria. On physical examination the patients were alert, in good nutritional status, adequately hydrated and presented normal colored mucous membranes. Each animal underwent radiog­raphy and esophagogram with barium sulphate. The exam demonstrated partial esophageal dilation cranial to the cardiac silhouette, suggestive of vascular ring anomaly. An exploratory thoracotomy was performed in order to achieve the definitive diagnosis. The arterial ligament was resected and esophageal stenosis corrected. Anesthesia, surgery and the postoperative period undergo without any complications. Patients remained hospitalized in the first 24 h for observation and were dis­charged after this period. Ten days surgery they returned for revaluation and removal of the skin suture. Four months after the surgical correction the animals underwent a new radiography and esophagogram examination. Radiographic findings evidenced persistence of esophageal dilation and narrowing of the esophageal lumen. Patients were evaluated periodically up to 10 months after surgery, verifying excellent quality of life and remission of clinical signs.Discussion: Vascular ring anomalies affects both dogs and cats, occurring more commonly in purebred dogs than in mixed breed. The literature reports cases in young Siamese and Persian cats, although the absolute numbers are insufficient to make conclusions about the racial predisposition. This case report enrolled two cases of PRAA in adult mixed breed cats (one male and one female from the same litter). Surgical correction is the recommended treatment for PRAA, either con­ventional or minimally invasive techniques. To assist the dissection of the fibrous ring and correction of esophageal stenosis we utilized a 22 Fr Foley catheter, introduced through the oral cavity to the esophageal stenotic area. The inflation of the balloon on the constricted area allows visualization of residual fiber rings and facilitates its dissection and removal. The PRAA mortality is associated with late diagnosis and the coexistence of aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, surgery should be performed as soon as possible after the onset of clinical signs, in order to reduce damage to the esophageal muscles and nerves. It is estimated that 80% of cases survived the postoperative period. In both cases, no clinical signs were observed, and there was a reduction of the esophageal diameter compared with the previous dilation, as well as better esophageal transit. Ten months after surgery, the animals returned for revaluation, presenting adequate body development and good quality of life. As shown in this case report, surgical intervention allowed for the accurate diagnosis and correction of PRAA in cats, with remission of clinical signs and full recovery of the animal.Keywords: cat, regurgitation, megaesophagus, thoracotomy, anomaly.

No abstract

Pleuroperitoneal hernias are the most uncommon type of diaphragmatic hernias in dogs and cats. The treatment of choice is surgery and may involve the use of prosthetic implant through celiotomy. In the current report, laparoscopic repair of a congenital pleuroperitoneal hernia using polypropylene mesh in a dog is described. The surgery was feasible. Appropriate reduction of the hernia was carried out and no complications were noted.

RESUMONo presente relato descreve-se a remoção de urólitos vesicais, bem como o tratamento de um cisto renal por cirurgia laparoscópica em um cão com aderências intraperitoneais. Para o acesso foram utilizados três portais, dois de 10mm e um de 5mm, dispostos na linha média ventral e nas paredes abdominal direita e esquerda. Após a remoção das litíases, realizou-se sutura intracorpórea da parede vesical em duas camadas. O cisto renal direito foi drenado e sua cápsula extirpada. Ocorreu a perda temporária de um urólito na cavidade abdominal e sua posterior recuperação pela cirurgia laparoscópica. O paciente não apresentou recidiva da doença pelo período mínimo de 14 meses. A cirurgia laparoscópica mostrou-se eficaz na terapêutica de ambas as patologias, sem a necessidade de alteração do posicionamento dos portais. Palavras-chave: cão, laparoscopia, urolitíase, nefropatia cística ABSTRACT This study reports the laparoscopic treatment of urolithys and renal cist in a dog

Mesothelioma is a very aggressive malignant tumor with low survival rates that is often diagnosed belatedly. Pericardial effusion is a common consequence in cases of mesothelioma, with pericardiocentesis and pericardiectomy indicated; therefor thoracocentesis is necessary to drain the contents no longer retained in the pericardium. The present report describes a mesothelioma–carrying dog with a history of cardiac tamponade that underwent thoracoscopic pericardiectomy and, later, thoracoscopic implantation of a fully implantable catheter to function as a thoracic drain. In the consulted literature, there is no use of a fully implantable catheter for this purpose. The authors consider that there was an improvement in the quality of life.

There are many respiratory diseases in small animals, as well as the possibilities of diagnoses, as laboratory and radiographic exams, bronchoalveolar lavage and biopsies. This research aimed at assessing the results of transdiaphragmatic paraxiphoid thoracoscopies in pulmonary biopsies of thirteen clinically healthy dogs. Under general anesthesia, each dog was insufflated with 30ml kg -1 of air in each hemithorax; two trocars were placed between the xiphoid appendix and the costal arch through the diaphragm. An endoscope was introduced by the first portal; while the second portal was used to allow access to the nippers in the biopsy forceps. Then, these nippers were removed and replaced by chest tube drainage. During the procedures, respiratory frequency, heart rate, oxygen saturation, arterial pressure and central venous pressure (CVP), hemogasometric parameters were checked. Within 48 hours after the surgery, drains were or drain was removed, with minimal production of air and/or liquid. In conclusion, this is a fast and safe technique, which is free of trans and post surgical complications, thus allowing the collection of sufficient material for pulmonary histological evaluation.

RESUMOO prolapso de vesícula urinária associado ao prolapso uterino é condição rara em cães e gatos. O tratamento preconizado para essa afecção é o reposicionamento anatômico das estruturas afetadas. No presente relato é descrito o manejo por meio de ovariossalpingo-histerectomia por celiotomia e, após dois dias, cistopexia videoassistida. Essa condição, conforme o conhecimento dos autores, não havia sido previamente descrita. A operação apresentou-se como possibilidade viável de tratamento, sem complicações pós-operatórias.Palavras-chave: videocirurgia, retroflexão vesical, vesícula urinária, prolapso, canino (Stone, 2007). É definido como a eversão e protrusão de uma porção do útero pela cérvix para dentro da vagina durante o parto ou próximo dele (Hedlund, 2008). Um corno ou todo o útero pode sofrer prolapso durante o parto prolongado, ou até 48 horas após esse evento, quando a cérvix se apresenta extremamente dilatada (Stone, 2007). Muitas espécies animais podem ser afetadas por prolapso de órgão genital, podendo este estar associado a outros órgãos, como a vesícula urinária e a porção distal do cólon (Hedlund, 2008). ABSTRACT The urinary bladder prolapse associated with the uterus is a rare condition on dogs and cats. The recommended treatment is the anatomical repositioning of the affected structures by manual reduction orRecebido em 13 de junho de 2014 Aceito em 9 de janeiro de 2015 E-mail: tami.kbs@gmail.com A protrusão (ou prolapso) da vesícula urinária para o interior da vagina é denominada cistocele. Esta resulta de perda de continuidade da fáscia pubocervical, que funciona como suporte para a bexiga, condição raramente relatada na medicina veterinária (Besalti e Ergin, 2012).Besalti e Ergin (2012) descreveram a cistopexia como tratamento para cistocele em uma cadela que também apresentava prolapso retal. Esse procedimento permite a fixação permanente da bexiga à parede abdominal, sendo indicado para prevenir a transformação de uma hérnia vesical recidivante em hérnia perineal e para o tratamento de incontinência urinária associada à localização pélvica da bexiga (Waldron, 2007).