This study conducted a randomized clinical trial in 15 patients, who sought care at the Dental Clinic of the University of Passo Fundo, in order to compare the use of low-level laser and botulinum toxin in the treatment of myofascial pain and whether they alter the mouth opening of patients with temporomandibular disorder. The patients were divided into two groups: the Laser group received low-level GaAlAs laser, 100mW of power at a wavelength of 830nm in continuous light emission; and the Toxin group received 30U of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in the first session, and 15U after fifteen days. The assessments were performed by measuring pain with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and mouth opening with a digital caliper. Data were submitted to Student's t test at 5% significance level. Regarding pain symptoms, the results indicate that groups treated with laser and toxin registered 7U in VAS, at day 5 the scores were 4.75 and 4.86U, respectively. The laser worked faster (day 12) at 2.75U, and the group treated with BTX-A registered 2.86U at day 30. Both therapies investigated were effective in reducing pain, but the effect of low-level laser was faster than the use of BTX-A. Both treatments showed no statistically significant improvement in mouth opening.

No abstract

Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a chronic disease caused by the underproduction of insulin in the organism and it is considered a risk factor to periodontal disease. Materials and methods:This study performed a cross-sectional research on the main oral changes in patients with DM2 and nondiabetics, in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The sample included 116 patients examined at the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic of the School of Medicine of the University of Passo Fundo (UPF) and 134 nondiabetic patients examined at the Examinations, Triage, and Emergency Sector of the School of Dentistry of UPF. Inclusion criteria for the study were patients over 35-years old, diagnosed with DM2 for more than 2 years. The same criteria were used for the control group, except for the presence of diabetes. Data collected were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0 for Windows™ software and the Chi-square test at 5% significance. This study showed that, overall, oral lesions were more prevalent in diabetic patients. Results:The stomatological manifestations observed more frequently in such patients were pseudomembranous candidiasis, lichen planus, lingual varices, xerostomia, and prosthetic stomatitis (p > 0.001). Conclusion:Therefore, based on the sample investigated, it is concluded that patients with DM2 present higher prevalence of oral lesions when compared with nondiabetics.

This is a cross-sectional clinical study performed with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and nondiabetic patients, in the city of Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, which aimed to verify whether periodontal disease is more prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) patients. The study sample included 275 patients, wherein 117 were type 2 diabetes patients and 158 were non-diabetic patients, who were assessed between the years of 2007 and 2010. The inclusion criteria of the study were patients older than 35 years with DM2 diagnosed for more than one year through glycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin tests. The same criteria was used for the control group, except for the presence of diabetes. The participants were evaluated by students calibrated for the Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) index and through a questionnaire assessing age, gender, oral hygiene conditions, and medications of the patients. Generalized gingivitis was more prevalent in diabetic patients (p<0.001). The level of oral hygiene of the diabetic patients was considered fair and poor (p<0.001) when compared to the non-diabetic patients. More sextants with periodontal health were observed in non-diabetic patients (p<00.1) when compared to type 2 diabetes mellitus patients; tooth loss was also greater in DM2 patients. The study allowed concluding that DM2 patients presented higher prevalence of periodontal disease than the control group. The factors that might have influenced these results were systemic condition (DM2), level of oral hygiene, and age, which justifies the high rate of periodontal disease and tooth loss in these individuals.

No abstract

Resumo Introdução: O Tumor Odontogênico Ceratocístico (TOC) pode ser definido como um tumor intraósseo, benigno, de origem odontogênica. A incidência dessa lesão na mandibula é de 3 a 4 vezes maior que na maxila, com preferência pela região dos terceiros molares inferiores, no ângulo da madíbula, de onde se estende para o ramo ascentende. Em casos de lesões mais extensas, observa-se tumefação, drenagem ou dor associada, aumento de volume de tecidos moles e tecido ósseo, parestesia, mobilidade de dentes envolvidos pela lesão, bem como crescimento lento e deslocamento de peças dentárias. Objetivo e Metodologia: O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura e um levantamento de casos diagnosticados no Laboratóro de Patologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da UPF a respeito do TOC. Resultados: No presente levantamento, foram encontrados 48 casos de TOC, com uma prevalencia do gênero feminino, na segunda e terceira década de vida. Um maior número de casos ocorreram na mandibula com preferencia pela região de terceiro molar inferior. Apresentavam em sua maioria lesões radiolúcidas uniloculares e o principal sinal clínico foi o de abaulamento. Conclusão: O que pode-se concluir através deste trabalho é que é fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento do Tumor Odontogênico Ceratocístico, o conhecimento por parte do Cirurgião Dentista de lesões tumorais de origem odontogênica , para que um correto e precoce diagnóstico seja executado, levando a melhor escolha do tratamento e, consequentemente um prognóstico favorável. Palavras-chave: Tumor odontogênico ceratocístico. Benigno. Intraósseo.

Introduction: The development of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity (SCC) is a multifactorial process, where the cellular mutagenesis is determined by co-carcinogenetic agents like the human papillomavirus (HPV). Objective: the objective of this study is to identify the HPV in the SCC by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods: twenty cases of SCC have been analyzed where the material used was extracted from specimens included in paraffin blocks of the Pathology Laboratory file of the São Vicente de Paulo Hospital of Passo Fundo/RS in the period of 2003 to 2007. They were all male cases and the 6 th decade of life was the most prevalent. The lower lip was the region that comprises most of the defects and the histological grade "well-differentiated" from the World Health Organization was predominant. It has been detected the presence of HPV's DNA in four of the 20 cases of the SCC (20%). Conclusions: it can be assured that, by the fact of the HPV has been identified in a considerable percentage of cases of SCC, it can have influence on the genesis of the referred malignant neoplasia. So, more studies are necessary to define what is the possible role of HPV in the oral carcinogenesis.

IntroduçãoOs estudos epidemiológicos têm a função de determinar a prevalência e a incidência de inúmeras doenças, e particularizam sua distribuição em características próprias do ambiente onde estão sendo executados 1,2 . Na odontologia, estudos epidemiológicos sobre lesões do complexo bucomaxilofacial são extremamente importantes, principalmente na área estomatológica, pois auxiliam os profissionais na elaboração de hipóteses diagnósticas, fornecendo-lhes dados sobre a prevalência de alterações e doenças, permitindo-lhes então estimar a possibilidade de encontrá-las na sua prática clínica.