Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) have the ability to dissolve insoluble phosphate and enhance soil fertility. However, the growth and mineral phosphate solubilization of PSB could be affected by exogenous soluble phosphate and the mechanism has not been fully understood. In the present study, the growth and mineral phosphate-solubilizing characteristics of PSB strain WS-FJ9 were investigated at six levels of exogenous soluble phosphate (0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20 mM). The WS-FJ9 strain showed better growth at high levels of soluble phosphate. The phosphate-solubilizing activity of WS-FJ9 was reduced as the soluble phosphate concentration increased, as well as the production of pyruvic acid. Transcriptome profiling of WS-FJ9 at three levels of exogenous soluble phosphate (0, 5, and 20 mM) identified 446 differentially expressed genes, among which 44 genes were continuously up-regulated when soluble phosphate concentration was increased and 81 genes were continuously down-regulated. Some genes related to cell growth were continuously up-regulated, which would account for the better growth of WS-FJ9 at high levels of soluble phosphate. Genes involved in glucose metabolism, including glycerate kinase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, and sugar ABC-type transporter, were continuously down-regulated, which indicates that metabolic channeling of glucose towards the phosphorylative pathway was negatively regulated by soluble phosphate. These findings represent an important first step in understanding the molecular mechanisms of soluble phosphate effects on the growth and mineral phosphate solubilization of PSB.

An experiment was conducted in a 20-level building to study the individual ascent speed on long stair. 165 college students, including 51 female students and 114 male students, took part in the experiment. Their ascent speeds and heart rates were recorded during they traveled upward. The experimental results show that their ascent speeds decrease continuously for the first 13-14 levels, then the ascent speeds keep at around 0.68 m/s for the males and 0.52 m/s for the females. Further study was conducted to explore the factors that might affect the ascent speeds on long stair. For the males, their ascent speeds show no obvious correlation with their body mass index and their scores of physical fitness test. For the females, it is observed that those who are overweight or fail in physical fitness test have the lowest ascent speed. After traveling upward around 18 levels, the average heart rates increase to 135 bpm and the average relative heart rates increase to 60% for the males, while the average heart rates increase to 150 bpm and the average relative heart rates increase to 70% for the females. Moreover, participates are more likely to use handrail for assistance as they move upward on higher levels.

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Two-dimensional layered materials have attracted tremendous attention as photodetectors due to their fascinating features, including comprehensive coverage of band gaps, high potential in new-generation electronic devices, mechanical flexibility, and sensitive light–mass interaction. Currently, graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are the most attractive active materials for constructing photodetectors. A growing number of emerging TMDCs applied in photodetectors bring up opportunities in the direct band gap independence with thickness. This study demonstrated for the first time a photodetector based on a few-layer Re x Mo1–x S2, which was grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) under atmospheric pressure. The detailed material characterizations were performed using Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on an as-grown few-layer Re x Mo1–x S2. The results show that both MoS2 and ReS2 peaks appear in the Re x Mo1–x S2 Raman diagram. Re x Mo1–x S2 is observed to emit light at a wavelength of 716.8 nm. The electronic band structure of the few layers of Re x Mo1–x S2 calculated using the first-principles theory suggests that the band gap of Re x Mo1–x S2 is larger than that of ReS2 and smaller than that of MoS2, which is consistent with the photoluminescence results. The thermal stability of the few layers of Re x Mo1–x S2 was evaluated using Raman temperature measurements. It is found that the thermal stability of Re x Mo1–x S2 is close to those of pure ReS2 and MoS2. The fabricated Re x Mo1–x S2 photodetector shows a high response rate of 7.46 A W–1 under 365 nm illumination, offering a competitive performance to the devices based on TMDCs and graphenes. This study unambiguously distinguishes Re x Mo1–x S2 as a future candidate in electronics and optoelectronics.

The layered semiconductor material molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has led to an upsurge in research for applications in optoelectric devices that benefit from its excellent optical and electrical properties. The application of the plasmonic structure to enhance light–matter interaction and intensity of the light field via localized surface plasmon resonance provides a promising method for MoS2-based devices for improving performance. In this work, we have prepared a plasmon-enhanced few-layer MoS2 photodetector based on a gallium nitride substrate using a bowtie equal grid antenna structure, and the large-scale few-layer MoS2 growth on the GaN substrate is realized by chemical vapor deposition. The enhancement MoS2 plasmonic photodetector achieves a high responsivity R of 0.82 A/W, a low noise equivalent power NEP of 6.58 × 10–14 W/Hz1/2, and a detectivity of 1.56 × 1012 Jones under 365 nm at 5 V bias and a corresponding rise/fall time of 18/10 ms. With the enhanced performance of the photodetector demonstrated, the as-fabricated plasmonic structure proposed a feasibility method to achieve enhanced photoresponse and is applicable to other high-efficiency photoelectric devices.

Sarcopenia and anemia are common complication in patients with Crohn's Disease (CD). However, few studies have showed the association between sarcopenia and hemoglobin level in patients with CD. This study aimed to explore such association in a Chinese population with CD. Two hundreds and twelve adult CD inpatients who underwent computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations from July 2019 to December 2021 were included. Sarcopenia was defined according to the cutoff value of skeletal muscle index of lumbar spine 3 (SMI-L3) (< 44.77cm2/m2 for male and < 32.5cm2/m2 for female). The inpatients with CD were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of sarcopenia. The clinical data, hemoglobin levels and other laboratory data were retrospectively collected. The association between hemoglobin levels and sarcopenia were identified through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Sarcopenia occurred in 114 CD patients (53.8%). Compared to patients without sarcopenia, patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower proportion of L1 (30.7% vs 45.8%, p = 0.032) and B1 classification (58.8% vs 72.4%, P = 0.037). Patients with sarcopenia had significant lower level of hemoglobin (Hb) (116.5 ± 22.8 vs 128.1 ± 21.0, p < 0.001). The prevalence of sarcopenia increased with the decrease of hemoglobin level (p for trend < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that hemoglobin levels were associated to SMI-L3 (β = 0.091, p = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that higher Hb (OR:0.98; 95% CI: 0.96,0.99; p = 0.034) were independent associated factors for sarcopenia. Lower Hb levels are independent associated factors of sarcopenia in adult inpatients with CD.

Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has been used to diagnose osteoporosis. Whether the thresholds of lumbar bone mineral density (LBMD) are applicable to the thoracic spine should be validated. This study explored the value of lower thoracic BMD (TBMD) in diagnosing osteoporosis in older adults during CT lung cancer screening. This study included 610 subjects who underwent QCT scans with both LBMD and TBMD. Osteoporosis was diagnosed based on LBMD using the ACR criteria (gold standard). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to define the TBMD thresholds. TBMD was translated into LBMD (TTBMD) and osteoporosis was defined based on TTBMD using ACR criteria. The performance of TBMD thresholds and TTBMD in identifying osteoporosis was determined using the Kappa test. In addition, 227 subjects with baseline TBMD data and followed up spine fracture were included to show the association between TBMD- and TTBMD-based osteoporosis and fracture. The performance of TBMD in identifying osteoporosis was low (kappa = 0.66) if using the ACR criteria. Two thresholds of TBMD for identifying osteopenia (128 mg/cm3) and in identifying osteoporosis (91 mg/cm3) were obtained with areas under the curve of 0.97 and 0.99, respectively. The performance of the identification of osteoporosis/osteopenia using the two thresholds or TTBMD both had good agreement with the gold standard (kappa = 0.78, 0.86). Osteopenia and osteoporosis identified using the thresholds (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 4.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31–15.06; adjusted HR = 18.72, 95% CI: 5.13–68.36) or TTBMD (adjusted HR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.16–6.72; adjusted HR = 10.28, 95% CI: 4.22–25.08) were also associated with fractures. Calculating the threshold of TBMD or normalizing TBMD to LBMD both showed good performance in identifying osteoporosis in older adults during CT lung cancer screening.