No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Families are the safety nets for society. They handle whatever problem there is no program or organizational response to solve in the larger society. Normative arrangements for exchange and transfer that have served families well for many generations are under considerable strain as demographic, medical and economic change has increased the length of time generations care for each other, the severity of problems that people are surviving while continuing to need care, and the complexity of making long term plans in a globalization setting. This review and analysis will look cross culturally at both traditional arrangements and new expectations and strategies. The cases as seen in several contemporary societies, of grandparents caring for grandchildren will be highlighted in terms of responding to needs and changed circumstances.

No abstract

Abstract-On-chip monitoring of environmental information, such as temperature, voltage, and error data, is becoming increasingly important. To address this need, a low-overhead architectural approach to monitor data collection and use in multicore systems is described. A key aspect of our stand-alone monitoring subsystem is a low-complexity, on-chip network designed to transport monitor data with multiple priority levels. Collected monitor information is evaluated by a dedicated processor. Experimental results using architectural and interconnect simulators show that the new low-overhead subsystem facilitates employment of thermal and delay-aware dynamic voltage and frequency scaling. In contrast to using existing on-chip interconnect resources to communicate monitor data, the new subsystem provides necessary bandwidth for monitor data traffic without impacting application data traffic. Synthesis results show that our dedicated monitoring approach consumes about 0.2% of multicore area and power resources for an 8-core system based on AMD Athlon 64 processor cores.Index Terms-Network on chip, on-chip monitoring, multicore.