A b s t r a c tSickle cell disease is a major public health problem. It is the first genetic disease in the world. FACA syrup offers an alternative treatment. It is a dry powder preparation of two components, the roots barks of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Lam. (Rutaceae) Zepernick, Timler and Calotropis procera.Ait. R.B.r. (Asclepiadaceae). The product was developed at Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS) from a traditional recipe used in Burkina Faso for treatment of sickle cell crises. This study aimed to establish physical-chemical, pharmaco technical and microbiological control parameters essential for the standardization of the phytomedicine. This valuation concerned specifications of moisture content, pH, the fingerprint by thin layer chromatography, pesticide residues, heavy metal content, microbial quality, and total ash. These charcteristics were determined by the methods prescribed by the World Health Organization (1998) and the European Pharmacopoeia 6th edition. The results have shown that dry syrups and reconstituted syrups were sweet, slightly spicy with a bitter after taste, a white room color and a faint odor. The density at the preparation was 0.985 and the pH was 5.93. After 2 months of storage in the laboratory, the organoleptic parameters of the reconstituted syrups have not changed. They were mold free, the density remained around 1 and the pH between 5 and 4. These parameters have shown that the quality of plants powders and this medicine comply with the recommendations of the European pharmacopoeia. Faca syrup may contribute to the better management of sickle cell disease in children.
Effet de l'interaction entre des modes de gestion de fertilité et la macrofaune sur la productivité du niébé et du sorgho en zone nord soudanienne du Burkina FasoJean OUEDRAOGO
RESUMEL'intensification des systèmes de production agricole se traduit par l'utilisation de plus en plus importante des pesticides chimiques de synthèse. La macrofaune du sol est gravement menacée par l'usage de ces pesticides qui réduisent fortement sa diversité et son abondance. Cette étude a été conduite pour évaluer l'impact de l'interaction entre la macrofaune et des modes de gestion de la fertilité des sols sur la productivité du sorgho et du niébé en zone nord soudanienne du Burkina Faso. Le dispositif expérimental comprend deux traitements principaux (parcelles avec et sans macrofaune) et quatre traitements secondaires qui sont de différents modes de gestion de la fertilité du sol. En présence de la macrofaune, le compost a entraîné une augmentation de rendement grain du sorgho de 385%, contre 78% en absence de la macrofaune. Ce résultat montre clairement l'importance de la macrofaune dans le processus de mise à disposition des nutriments pour les cultures. L'usage exclusif de compost ou la combinaison des matières organiques à C/N élevé à l'urée peuvent être vulgarisés dans les systèmes de culture à faible intrants externes. La quantité d'urée à associer au compost pourrait être diminuée et apportée au moment où la plante en a vraiment besoin.
Aims:We aimed in this study to investigate the mechanisms of the vasorelaxation effect caused by the anthocyanins-enriched extract of Odontonema strictum flowers. Study Design: Anthocyanins-enriched extract of Odontonema strictum flowers and vasorelaxantes activities of mice aortic rings. Place and Duration of Study: The flowers of Odontonema strictum (Nees) Kuntze (Acanthaceae) were collected in January 2015 at the "Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)" experimental station in Ouagadougou. The experiments were conducted in October -November 2018 at the department of Medicine and Traditional Pharmacopeia-Pharmacy (MEPHATRA-PH)/IRSS. Methodology: The extract was enriched in anthocyanins using Amberlite XAD-7 non-ionic resin column. The vasorelaxant activity of anthocyanins-enriched extract of O. strictum flowers (OSF) was tested using isolated organ-chamber technique with mice aorta rings. Results: OSF showed concentration-dependent relaxant effects on mice endothelium intact or denuded aortic rings pre-contracted with U46619 (10 -7 M) and KCl (80 mM). OSF induced relaxation in the mice aortic rings by stimulating smooth muscle cells. The vasorelaxant effect of OSF (10-1000 µg/mL) was similar in endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortic rings. The maximum relaxant effect was 93.78 ± 4.69% and 92.30 ± 3.19% for endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortic rings, respectively. Moreover, after incubation of the aorta rings with OSF (400 µg/mL) or vehicle (0.02% of DMSO) in PSS, OSF blocked the contraction through mechanism involving inhibition of CaCl 2 and U46619 effect.
Conclusions:The present study provides a pharmacological evidence for the antihypertensive medicinal use of Odontonema strictum by highlighting its vasorelaxant activity.
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