The Syrian crisis began on 15 March 2011. It is one of the bloodiest and complicated conflicts in the world today. Although almost eight years have passed over this tragedy, civilians continue to suffer from conflicts and destructions in the area. As a result, this situation disregards human life and the number of people in need increases day by day. Particularly, people who have to live in the conflict area encounter troubles with regard to health, shelter, food and other needs. Thus, we have focused on identifying the Primary Health Care Center (PHCC) locations within Idleb Governorate in Syria. Data is extracted from a sample containing 23 sub-districts in the governorate and a total of 338 communities. We have formulated a mixed integer-weighted goal programming model and combined it with a Geographic Information System-GIS (ArcMap). The model is solved via an optimization package and moreover, sensitivity analyses are conducted to achieve a more in-depth study. Our aim was to have 60 PHCCs out of 77 available candidate PHCCs and the model located 42 PHCCs in total, by allocating 379,080 people, with a total cost of USD 1,000,353 and a cash for work amounting to USD 163,549. Accordingly, the model’s outputs and sensitivity analyses are expected to help decision-makers in case of such disasters.
Conflict is recognized as a major barrier in socio-economic development. In conflict situations, most sectors such as health, food, shelter and education are adversely affected. The provision of education services to conflict-affected children saves them from becoming a lost generation and contributes to community building. Thus, we conducted this research to investigate the potential of a GIS (Geographic Information Systems) approach and risk assessment based multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) for the allocation of displaced dropped-out children to the most appropriate educational centres, taking into account multiple goals related to cost, distance, risk, etc. A two-stage approach was adopted, utilizing a risk assessment approach, and a location-allocation approach. The risk assessment approach was carried out using GIS and F-AHP (Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) to determine the risk value of each candidate educational centre in the conflict area. In the location-allocation stage, a mathematical model was developed to allocate all demands to the chosen centres. All presented methods were computationally conducted on real case data provided by direct beneficiaries and stakeholders in the 26 sub-districts in the Idleb governorate, Syria. The computational results demonstrate that the proposed approaches ensure practical and theoretical impacts.
The aim of this article is to examine humanitarian actors’ attitudes towards the factors that should be considered and the methodology that should be applied in the evaluation process of social entrepreneurial projects. In line with this, an online questionnaire was conducted on attitudes towards the current way utilized in the crisis areas. The results indicate that the majority of actors are using the methodology of the sum weighted model and the more-experienced actors are tending to include more criteria compared with the less-experienced actors. The article concludes that more awareness should be raised among the humanitarian actors to enable them to conduct the evaluation more effectively. In order to develop the effectiveness of the studies in this area, it is recommended that a more dedicated policy should be created and training should be conducted in place.
A new disaster to humanity, called Coronavirus Disease , arose in and spread to worldwide at late December 2019. The most developed countries are affected from this pandemic more. However, the situation is more complex in some countries that are witnessed/witnessing a conflict, as in Syria. In Syria, the conflict continues more than 9 years and within the country there are more than 6 million internally displaced people (IDPs). This situation signifies millions of people living in hard conditions and seeking healthcare service, sheltering, food, safety and other related vital needs. In this context, since during a pandemic supplies and aid kits need to be stockpiled in a humanitarian relief warehouse to be protected and then distributed effectively to the most pandemic-affected people, we focused on the location research of relief warehouses in this study. We evaluated the locations of the relief warehouses to determine the most appropriate location based on a scientific humanitarian aid-based hybrid methodology. This novel methodology is implemented to a real case study in north of Aleppo/Syria. For this aim, firstly, data is collected directly from the target area; then humanitarian and economic criteria are selected by three experts to be included in the study. Criteria weights are computed by the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP). Finally, MULTIMOORA technique as a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method is applied to assess the candidate warehouses and rank them. The proposed methodology showed its efficiency and effectiveness in evaluating relief warehouses and it can be utilized to facilitate the decision-making process. As a result, the suffering of the disaster-affected people can be reduced and high efficiency from donations in the target area can be achieved.
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