Determining shelter locations in conflict areas by multiobjective modeling: A case study in northern Syria

Hallak, Jamil; Koyuncu, Melik; Miç, Pınar

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101202

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Humanitarian assistance, response or needs (which included any studies conducted or analysis of services provided by humanitarian agencies) are the focus of 26 papers. These include estimates of IDP numbers and trends [ 14 ], humanitarian needs assessments among the general population, many of whom were displaced, in nine predominantly government-controlled governorates in 2014 [ 13 , 14 ] and among the general population [ 48 ] and displaced and female-headed households in 10 largely urban government-controlled areas in 2016 [ 33 ]; identifying optimal locations for IDP shelters [ 82 ] and primary healthcare facilities [ 86 ] in Idlib based on beneficiary needs assessments and modelling; and a snapshot survey of community income and humanitarian assistance in Idlib [ 31 ]. Other studies included analysis of Qatar Red Crescent surveys of the impacts of the conflict on education, family and public health status [ 22 ] and diagnoses, injuries and comorbidities [ 41 ] among children in Northern Syria in 2015; and household surveys of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and health outcomes in opposition-controlled Daraa and Quneitra in 2016–17 [ 65 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflict-related health research in Syria, 2011–2019: a scoping review for The Lancet - AUB Commission on Syria

et al. 2021

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Background The volume of health-related publications on Syria has increased considerably over the course of the conflict compared with the pre-war period. This increase is largely attributed to commentaries, news reports and editorials rather than research publications. This paper seeks to characterise the conflict-related population and humanitarian health and health systems research focused inside Syria and published over the course of the Syrian conflict. Methods As part of a broader scoping review covering English, Arabic and French literature on health and Syria published from 01 January 2011 to 31 December 2019 and indexed in seven citation databases (PubMed, Medline (OVID), CINAHL Complete, Global Health, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus), we analyzed conflict-related research papers focused on health issues inside Syria and on Syrians or residents of Syria. We classified research articles based on the major thematic areas studied. We abstracted bibliometric information, study characteristics, research focus, funding statements and key limitations and challenges of conducting research as described by the study authors. To gain additional insights, we examined, separately, non-research publications reporting field and operational activities as well as personal reflections and narrative accounts of first-hand experiences inside Syria. Results Of 2073 papers identified in the scoping review, 710 (34%) exclusively focus on health issues of Syrians or residents inside Syria, of which 350 (49%) are conflict-related, including 89 (25%) research papers. Annual volume of research increased over time, from one publication in 2013 to 26 publications in 2018 and 29 in 2019. Damascus was the most frequently studied governorate (n = 33), followed by Aleppo (n = 25). Papers used a wide range of research methodologies, predominantly quantitative (n = 68). The country of institutional affiliation(s) of first and last authors are predominantly Syria (n = 30, 21 respectively), the United States (n = 25, 19 respectively) or the United Kingdom (n = 12, 10 respectively). The majority of authors had academic institutional affiliations. The most frequently examined themes were health status, the health system and humanitarian assistance, response or needs (n = 38, 34, 26 respectively). Authors described a range of contextual, methodological and administrative challenges in conducting research on health inside Syria. Thirty-one publications presented field and operational activities and eight publications were reflections or first-hand personal accounts of experiences inside Syria. Conclusions Despite a growing volume of research publications examining population and humanitarian health and health systems issues inside conflict-ravaged Syria, there are considerable geographic and thematic gaps, including limited research on several key pillars of the health system such as governance, financing and medical products; issues such as injury epidemiology and non-communicable disease burden; the situation in the north-east and south of Syria; and besieged areas and populations. Recognising the myriad of complexities of researching active conflict settings, it is essential that research in/on Syria continues, in order to build the evidence base, understand critical health issues, identify knowledge gaps and inform the research agenda to address the needs of the people of Syria following a decade of conflict.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflict-related health research in Syria, 2011–2019: a scoping review for The Lancet - AUB Commission on Syria

et al. 2021

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“…Hallak et al . described a goal programming model with multiple objectives comprising capacitated maximum covering, fixed-charge costs, and humanitarian considerations in Syria ( Hallak et al . , 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…numbers with disabilities, numbers of pregnant/lactating women; (ii) economic factors, e.g. cash-for-work to repair and make shelters habitable; (iii) portable WASH facilities; and (iv) scalability ( Hallak et al . , 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2019 ). Authors outlined a useful potential framework for health-system responses, incorporating differing stakeholder needs and ‘beneficiary’ representatives’ identifying problems ( Hallak et al . , 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four essential components to successful reconstruction projects: (i) immediate reconstruction response; (ii) engaging local communities in rebuilding; (iii) creating permanent solutions; and (iv) mitigating future disasters. Incorporating local design and architecture in reconstruction or building of new health facilities could be an empowering, collaborative, and socially equitable development process, valuing and forging synergistic partnerships rooted in community priorities ( Hallak et al . , 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The COVID19 virus, which first appeared in Wuhan, China, and has become a pandemic in a short time, has threatened the health system in many countries and put it into a bottleneck. Simultaneously, the second wave's expectation spread it necessary to plan the health services correctly. In this study, a location-allocation problem in the two-echelon system, which considers different test sampling alternatives, is examined to obtain test sampling centers' location-allocation. The problem is modeled as a goal programming model to create a network that tests samples at a minimum total distance, establishes a minimum number of test sampling centers, and reaches the distance of PCR test laboratories at minimum total distances. The proposed model is applied as a case study for the two cities located in Turkey, and the obtained locations and inventory levels of each location are presented. Besides, different scenarios are examined to understand the structure of the model. As a result, only testing in hospitals will increase the risk of contamination. Since testing at all points will not be possible administratively, it will be ensured that the most appropriate location-allocation decisions are taken by considering all the proposed model's objectives.

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Determining shelter locations in conflict areas by multiobjective modeling: A case study in northern Syria

Cited by 21 publications

References 49 publications

Conflict-related health research in Syria, 2011–2019: a scoping review for The Lancet - AUB Commission on Syria

Conflict-related health research in Syria, 2011–2019: a scoping review for The Lancet - AUB Commission on Syria

Lessons from humanitarian clusters to strengthen health system responses to mass displacement in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review

A goal programming model for two-stage COVID19 test sampling centers location-allocation problem

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