Resumo -A produção de mudas com qualidade é fundamental na exploração das culturas agrícolas, e os bioestimulantes apresentam-se como ferramentas benéficas nessa fase da planta. O estudo objetivou avaliar as diferentes concentrações de bioestimulante composto por extrato de algas, no favorecimento da expansão radicular e desenvolvimento vegetativo inicial de mudas de uva, cultivar Crimson Seedless enxertadas em porta-enxerto SO4. O experimento foi realizado em viveiro comercial na cidade de Petrolina-PE. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: (T1) 0; (T2) 0,75; (T3) 1,12; (T4) 1,5 e (T5) 1,87 mL planta -1 do bioestimulante. Aos 45 dias após a enxertia foram analisados o comprimento e diâmetro da brotação do enxerto; área foliar; diâmetro, densidade, área, comprimento e matéria seca das raízes e matéria seca da parte aérea. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e análise de regressão polinomial. Os melhores resultados foram proporcionados pela aplicação da dose 0,75 mL planta -1 . O aumento da dose causou redução na expressão das variáveis. Conclui-se que o bioestimulante é uma ferramenta importante na produção de mudas com qualidade. Palavras-Chave -Vitis vinifera, Ascophyllum nodosum, propagação vegetativa, reguladores vegetais.Abstract -The seedling production with quality is essential for growing agricultural crops, and the biostimulants are beneficial tools for this plant phase. The study aimed to evaluate the different concentrations of biostimulant containing algae extract on root expansion and initial vegetative development of grape seedlings cv. Crimson Seedless grafted on SO4 rootstock. The experiment was conducted in commercial nursery in Petrolina county, Pernambuco state, Brazil. The experimental design used was the completely randomized design, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments were: (T1) 0; (T2) 0.75; (T3) 1.12; (T4) 1.5 and (T5) 1.87 mL plant -1 of the biostimulant. At 45 days after grafting the length and diameter of the graft sprouting; leaf area; diameter, density, area, length, and dry weight of roots and shoots were analyzed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and polynomial regression. The best results were provided by 0.75 mL plant -1 biostimulant dose. Increasing biostimulant doses caused the reduction of variables expression. It is concluded that the biostimulant is an important tool for production of quality grape seedlings.
Micronutrientes foliares na goiabeira fertirrigada com biofertilizante e nitrogênio no semiárido Resumo Demandados em pequenas quantidades, os micronutrientes exercem papel fundamental para o desenvolvimento adequado das plantas e podem ser fornecidos por insumos sintéticos ou orgânicos, como os biofertilizantes. Dessa forma, um experimento foi conduzido entre julho de 2014 e agosto de 2015, na área experimental da Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina-PE, para avaliar os teores foliares de micronutrientes em goiabeira Paluma em função de fertirrigação com biofertilizante bovino e adubação nitrogenada. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (5 x 2) referentes às concentrações de biofertilizante bovino (0, 2,5, 5,0, 7,5 e 10%) e adubação mineral com nitrogênio (50% e 100% do recomendado segundo a demanda da cultura), com quatro repetições e cinco plantas por parcela. Apenas os teores foliares de Mn são afetados pelo biofertilizante bovino em goiabeiras fertirrigadas com 100% de N. Os teores foliares de todos os micronutrientes (Mn, B, Fe e Zn) não são influenciados pela fertirrigação nitrogenada. O biofertilizante é eficiente no fornecimento de Fe. Palavras-chave: Psidium guajava L., matéria orgânica, nutrição de plantas Leaf micronutrients in guava fertigated with biofertilizer and nitrogen in semiarid Abstract Required in small amounts, micronutrients play a key role for adequate plant development, which can be supplied by synthetic or organic fertilizers, such as biofertilizers. Thus, an experiment was conducted between July 2014 and August 2015, in the experimental area of the Federal University of the São Francisco Valley, Petrolina-PE, Brazil, to evaluate the micronutrient leaf concentrations of Paluma guava as a function of fertigation with bovine biofertilizer and Nitrogen fertilization. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (5 x 2) referring to the concentrations of bovine biofertilizer (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10%) and N-fertilizing (50% and 100% of N dose following plant demand), with four replicates and five plants per plot. Only the leaf Mn concentrations are affected by bovine biofertilizer in guava trees fertigated with 100% of recommended N. Leaf concentrations of all the micronutrients (Mn, B, Fe and Zn) are not influenced by nitrogen fertigation. The biofertilizer is efficient in providing Fe.
Aims: To evaluate the 'Canary' and 'Hale's Best Jumbo' melon yield and fruit characteristics as a function of fertilization management and soil cover with mulch. Study Design: The design was a randomized complete block design in a 2x3x2 factorial scheme, with three replications and seven plants per plot. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted from June to September 2015, at the Center of Agrarian and Biodiversity Sciences of the Federal University of Cariri, located in the city of Crato, Cariri region, Brazil. Methodology: Two varieties of melon ('Canary' and 'Hale's Best Jumbo') were studied under three fertilization managements (mineral fertilization via soil, mineral fertilization via soil + organic fertilization and mineral fertilization via soil + foliar fertilization) with the presence or absence of soil cover with polyethylene mulch. Results: The use of mineral + organic fertilization and mineral + leaf fertilization promoted an increase in fruit mass and yield of approximately 3.93 t ha-1 (25.50%) and 4.64 t ha-1 (30%), respectively. Both melon cultivars presented the best responses grown on plastic mulch, with yield increases of 79.66% and 26.16% for 'Canary' and 'Hale's Best Jumbo', respectively. Moreover, the 'Hale's Best Jumbo' cultivar presented higher soluble solids contents than the 'Canary' melon, with an increase of 11.26% (0.76 ° Brix). Conclusion: The use of soil cover and additional fertilization (organic or foliar) in the cultivation of melon provides an increase in size, mass and productivity, while soil cover increases the soluble solids content in fruits.
Aims: The aim of this work was to evaluate the yield and the physical quality of the yellow passion fruit accession ‘Guinezinho’ as a function of the within-row plant spacing, with saline irrigation water in consecutive growing seasons. Study Design: The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks, with four replicates and 12 plants per parcel, in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement, referring to the spacing in the planting lines of 3, 6, 9 and 12 m, and two consecutive growing seasons. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was developed in the municipality of Coronel Ezequiel, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil, within the months of April 2013 and October 2014. Methodology: The seedings were transplanted in the spacings of 3, 6, 9 and 12 m, and distant 2 m within lines according to the treatments; they were conducted in a vertical shoot position (VSP) training system, and daily irrigated during the arid period with saline water (ECiw = 3.4 dS m-1). The following characteristics were evaluated: fruit yield, fruit mass, longitudinal and transversal fruit diameter, pulp yield, peel mass and peel thickness. Results: The interaction between spacing and growing season exercised a significant effect on the fruit yield, longitudinal fruit diameter, pulp yield, thickness and mass of the peel (P = .05). The variables transversal diameter and fruit mass only varied within the growing seasons (P = .05). The plants cultivated in the 3 m spacing were the most productive in the two seasons, with 23.7 and 36.3 t ha-1, in the first and second seasons, respectively. Conclusion: The highest yield of the yellow passion fruit accession ‘Guinezinho’ was obtained in the smaller plant spacing in the lines. Except for the pulp yield, the yield and physical quality of the fruits were superior in the second growing season. The irrigation with highly saline water, in this type of soil, did not compromise the productive ability of the passion fruit accession ‘Guinezinho’.
ARRANJO ESPACIAL E PODA NA PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE QUÍMICA DE MARACUJÁ IRRIGADO COM ÁGUA SALINA RAFAEL RAMOS MORAIS1; JOÃO PAULO SILVA MACÊDO2; LOURIVAL FERREIRA CAVALCANTE3; JACKSON TEIXEIRA LOBO1; ANTÔNIO GUSTAVO LUNA SOUTO1 E EVANDRO FRANKLIN MESQUITA4 1 Programa de pós-graduação em Agronomia, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rodovia PB 079, SN, Km 12, 58.397-000, Areia, Paraíba, Brasil, agro.rafaelmorais@gmail.com; jacksonteixeira78@gmail.com, gusluso@hotmail.com. 2 Empresa Paraibana de Pesquisa, Extensão Rural e Regularização Fundiária, Rodovia BR 230, S/N, Km 13, Morada Nova, 58.108-502, Cabedelo, Paraíba, Brasil, jp_agro@hotmail.com. 3 Professor do Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Rural, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rodovia PB 079, S/N, Km 12, 58.397-000, Areia, Paraíba, Brasil, lofeca@cca.ufpb.br. 4 Professor do Centro de Ciências Humanas e Agrárias, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Sitio Cajueiro, S/N, Zona Rural, 58.884-000, Catolé do Rocha, Paraíba, Brasil, elmesquita4@uepb.edu.br. 1 RESUMO Um experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Coronel Ezequiel, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, para avaliar os efeitos da densidade de plantio e poda da haste principal em plantas de maracujazeiro amarelo, acesso Guinezinho, sob irrigação com água salina de 3,4 dS m-1. Os tratamentos, com distância de 2,0 m entre linhas, foram distribuídos em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições de 12 plantas por parcela, em esquema fatorial 4 × 2, correspondente as distâncias de 3, 6, 9 e 12 m entre plantas nas linhas com e sem poda da haste principal, ao atingir o sistema de sustentação. Os componentes avaliados foram número de frutos colhidos, produção por planta, produtividade e na polpa dos frutos, os valores de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, pH e a relação sólidos solúveis/ acidez titulável. A interação entre os fatores estudados exerceu efeitos significativos no número de frutos colhidos, produção por planta, teor de sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável. A produtividade foi influenciada pelos dois fatores de forma isolada. O pH da polpa respondeu apenas ao espaçamento entre plantas nas linhas e a relação SS/AT não foi influenciada por nenhuma das fontes de variação estudadas. O aumento das distâncias de plantio nas linhas promove ganho de produção por planta, mas reduz a produtividade. Plantas podadas na haste principal apresentam maior produtividade. A irrigação com água de qualidade restritiva à agricultura não inibiu a capacidade produtiva do maracujazeiro amarelo acesso Guinezinho e não prejudicou a qualidade química dos frutos. Palavras-chave: acesso Guinezinho, densidade de plantio, Passiflora edulis Sims. MORAIS, R. R.; MACÊDO, J. P. S.; CAVALCANTE, L. F.; LOBO, J. T.; SOUTO, A. G. L.; MESQUITA, E. F. SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT AND PRUNING IN THE PRODUCTION AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF YELLOW PASSIONFRUIT IRRIGATED WITH SALINE WATER 2 ABSTRACT An experiment was carried out in Coronel Ezequiel municipality, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, to evaluate the effects of planting density and pruning of the main stem on yellow passion fruit plants access Guinezinho under irrigation with saline water (3.4 dS m-1). The treatments, with inter-row distance of 2 m, were distributed in randomized blocks, with four replications of 12 plants per plot, in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to intra-row distances of 3, 6, 9 and 12 m for plants with and without pruned main stem, upon reaching the support system. The evaluated components were number of fruit harvested, production per plant, fruit yield and in the fruit pulp, the analyzed components were soluble solid content, titratable acidity, pH and soluble solid content/ titratable acidity ratio. The interaction between the factors studied significantly affected the number of fruit harvested, production per plant, solids content and titratable acidity. The fruit yield was influenced by the two isolated factors, but the pH of the pulp responded only to the intra-row plant spacing, and the solids content/ titratable acidity ratio was not influenced by any of the sources of variation studied. Increasing the distances intra-row raises the production per plant, but reduces fruit yield. Plants pruned on the main stem have higher fruit yield. Irrigation with restrictive water quality to agriculture did not inhibit the productive capacity of yellow passion fruit access Guinezinho and did not impair the chemical quality of the fruits. Keywords: Guinezinho access, planting density, Passiflora edulis Sims.
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