This study discusses the voter behavior that influence the fluctuation of political party voters changing in the 2009, 2014 and 2019 legislative elections. The undestanding of political parties with a rational voter behavior approach is carried out to detect the relationship of political parties performance to the people's choices in the Indonesia Legislative elections. However, the Indonesian voters behavior cannot be caracterized absolutely rational, because the sociological and the psychological voter behavior also strongly influences Indonesian voters, and even influences one another. This case study found that the behavior of Indonesian voters is volatile. loyal voters in the 2014 general election are predicted to only amount 20%. In the 2019 elections, loyal party voters tended to be stable due to several factors, 1) The political bipolarization between supporters of the Jokowi-Maruf and Probowo-Sandi pair, 2) high public satisfaction with the performance of the Jokowi-JK government, 3) stable public trust in government and opposition parties and 4) holding legislative elections in conjunction with the presidential election. This condition can be seen from the motives of political party voters who choose because of several main factors, namely figures, ideology and political work programs.Penelitian ini mendiskusikan tentang perilaku pemilih yang mempengaruhi perubahan suara partai politik pada pemilu legislatif 2009, 2014, dan 2019. Pendalaman partai politik dengan pendekatan perilaku pemilih rasional dilakukan untuk mendeteksi hubungan kinerja partai politik terhadap perilaku pemilih pada pemilu Legislatif di Indonesia. Meski demikian, perilaku pemilih Indonesia tidak dapat dikatakan rasional secara mutlak, karena perilaku pemilih sosiologis dan psikologis juga masih kuat mempengaruhi pemilih Indonesia, bahkan saling mempengaruhi antara satu dengan yang lainnya . Studi kasus ini menemukan bahwa perilaku pemilih Indonesia bersifat fluktuatif. pemilih loyal di Indonesia pada pemilu 2014 diprediksi hanya berjumlah 20%. Pada pemilu 2019 pemilih loyal partai cenderung stabil karena didorong oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu 1) bipolarisasi politik antara pendukung pasangan Jokowi-Maruf dan Probowo-Sandi, 2) tingginya kepuasan masyarakat pada kinerja pemerintahan Jokowi-JK, 3) stabilnya kepercayaan publik pada partai pemerintah maupun partai oposisi dan 4) pelaksanaan pemilu legislatif yang bersamaan dengan pemilu presiden. Kondisi ini terlihat dari motif pemilih partai politik yang memilih karena beberapa faktor utama yaitu faktor figur, Ideologi dan program kerja.
Leadership is the activity to influences others in order to guide them towards a certain goal (Miftah Thoha, 2013; 121). A leader is someone with capabilities and advantages so that they can influences and guides others to work together for a similar goal. Political leadership covers a wide range of topics due to how a country are constituted by structures designed to run it. Transactional leadership occurs because by default leadership is a form of social control between the leader and its subordinates. Transactional leadership or often called transactional politics has become its own problem. A normal kind of leadership when applied on other fields might become biased and pose a certain problem in the political sphere. Transactional politics can be hard to avoid especially in a presidential government system which involves multiple political parties. Transactional leadership is the kind of leadership modeled to attain a certain goal by giving rewards as well as guiding and controlling the subordinates so that they can work effectively and efficiently. It also focuses more on inter individual transaction, between the members and its managers.
Listening comprehension is one of the most difficult English language skills for learners. Since listening is an important part of communication, as foreign learners we should acquire listening skills. However, learning listening is lack motivation and most students find difficulties in learning listening. To support learners in learning listening is needed an appropriate medium that facilitates learners in improving their listening comprehension skills. This study aimed to investigate students' perceptions using audio-visual material as a media in listening class. A survey study using a quantitative approach was designed to collect the data. The researcher used a survey questionnaire with 20 Likert Scale questions and distributed them through Google Forms. The sample of this study is 9th-grade students from SMP Shalahuddin in total 109 students from classes A, B, C, and D. After collected the data, the researcher analyzes the data using SPSS. The result shows that students had positive experiences in using audio-visual material in listening class. Most of the students agree that audio visual is interesting, motivating, and entertaining them. Audio-visual also can help students to improve their listening comprehension. However, they find difficulties when the speaker speaks too fast, the speaker explains unfamiliar material or uses unfamiliar accents, and pronunciation.
An organization of communication plays an important role for good relationships inside, outside and between the organization itself. The primary role within the organization is the human relations and public relations, so that will be integrated relationships among them. To simplify the process of achieving goals, relations that are external to be created, developed and constructed well. Leadership is an attempt to influence people through communication to achieve goals by influencing people with instructions or orders that cause others to act or respond. Leadership includes the importance of the communication process, so that the essence of leadership is communication, so communication is very important in leadership.
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