Öz Toplumsal cinsiyet kavramı, toplum tarafından beklenen, erkeklik ve kadınlıkla ilişkilendirilmiş çeşitli davranış ve normları, kadına ve erkeğe atfedilen rolleri kapsamaktadır. Toplumsal işleyişin sürdürülebilir olması ise, tüm bu davranışların devam etmesine ve beklentilere uygun içeriklerin oluşturulmasına bağlıdır. Bu noktada kitle iletişim araçları toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri açısından toplumun beklentileri doğrultusunda içeriğini üretir ve sunar. Reklamlar da bunun en önemli öğesidir. Medyanın, reklamlar aracılığıyla milyonlarca kişiye aynı anda ulaşma gücünü elinde bulundurması firmaları daha çok reklam vermeye yönlendirirken, pazarlama stratejilerinden biri olan, "toplumsal dinamiklere ve kültürel değerlere bağlılık" normunu uygulamaktadırlar. Bu durum, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerini yeniden üreterek, toplumsal hayat içerisinde bireyleri kadın ve erkek cinsiyetçi rollerini farklı şekilde konumlandırır. Bu çalışmanın temel sorunu reklam stratejilerinde toplumsal cinsiyetin nasıl sunulduğudur. Çalışmada, uluslararası bir marka olmanın, toplumsal dinamiklere etkisi, reklamlar üzerinden araştırılmıştır. Türkiye"nin uluslararası platformda söz sahibi markalarından birisi olan Vestel firmasının reklamlarında kullandığı stratejilerdeki toplumsal cinsiyet algılarından hareketle, hem Türkiye"de hem yurtdışında gösterilen reklam filmlerinin göstergebilimsel olarak yapılan analiz sonucunda, reklam kesitlerinden elde verilen ışığında, reklamların, çok çeşitli etkileşimler yoluyla öğrenilmiş olan toplumsal cinsiyet konusuyla ile ilgili kalıp yargıların yeniden üreterek pekiştirdiği görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, bu araştırma sonunda, kültürün içinde yoğrulan toplumsal norm ve cinsiyet rollerinin, reklam stratejileri yoluyla yeniden düzenlendiğini söylemek doğru olacaktır.

Climate change with adverse impacts on the environment, economy, and society requires marketing to change current attitudes and behaviors towards sustainable production and consumption, and thus climate change is interrelated to marketing. However, no body of literature has comprehensively investigated the connections and relationships between climate change and marketing. This study examined such connections and relationships from a bibliometric approach using Web of Science and Scopus databases from 1992 to 2022. The search strategy utilized topic and title/abstract/keyword search. The search query retrieved 1723 documents. VOSviewer and Biblioshiny were utilized to analyze data on authors, keywords, institutions, countries, sources, citations, and co-citations. The findings showed an upward trend in the annual number of publications with the top three most productive countries being the USA, the UK, and Australia and the most productive institutions in the USA, New Zealand, and the UK. The top three author keywords were climate change, sustainability, and marketing. The Sustainability journal ranked first in terms of productivity while Energy Policy in terms of citations. International collaborations were mostly between developed countries also known as Global North Countries, and collaborations between these countries and developing and developed countries should be encouraged. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of documents increased, and research themes altered. Research on energy, innovation, insect farming, and carbon management is a top priority. The results proved that most studies were conducted outside the field of marketing.

The growing interest of scholars in bibliometric research can be traced to the abundance of published literature on the subject in various fields and categories. To understand the extent of climate change research in the field of marketing and to identify the major authors, journals, issues, and trends, bibliometric analysis was conducted on publications in climate change and marketing, searched on the Web of Science database between 1994 and 2022. A total of 758 publications were obtained from the search. VosViewer, ScientoPy, and BiblioShiny were utilized to analyze the data on authors, keywords, institutions, countries, sources, citations, and co-citations, and the most prolific ones were identified. The findings show an upward trend in the annual number of publications with the top three most productive countries the US, Australia, and the UK and the most productive institutions are located in the US, Canada, and New Zealand. The top author’s keywords are climate change, sustainability, and ‘marketing’. However, while the use of the social marketing keyword has decreased in the last three years, the keyword sustainability has gained importance. Five main clusters emerged from the data. The largest cluster focuses on environmental conservation, followed by food sustainability and biodiversity, green marketing and consumer behavior, sustainable tourism, and social marketing. The longitudinal investigation contributes to the research on climate change and marketing by exploring the current state and evolution of the field.

No abstract

The aim of this study is the communicative barriers experienced by the lecturers working at a university in the south of Turkey during the distance education process, by evaluating Claude Elwood Shannon and Warren Weaver's Information Theory and Melvin DeFleur's communication model who revised this theory, due diligence on distance education of higher education in Turkey. In this study, which was designed using the phenomenology pattern, which is one of the qualitative research methods, an in-depth interview was conducted with a study group consisting of sixteen lecturers who had experience in distance education in the past and were currently teaching distance education, determined by the snowball sampling method. The data obtained from the interviews were transferred to the NVivo 10 program and twelve main themes that hindered the effective communication of lecturers were determined. The determined themes were analyzed with thematic. As a result of the analyzes, it was found that the lecturers were mainly exposed to the legislation-based communicative noise and feedback problem during the distance education process, and this situation negatively affected their job satisfaction and productivity.

Today, the rapidly developing structure of new communication technologies has offered alternatives to traditional education. While distance education, which is one of these alternatives, has rapidly spread all over the world with the democratization of internet access, it has been the subject of debates ranging from whether it can be an alternative to traditional education, whether students and lecturers are ready for distance education, how successfully they can adapt to it, and the adequacy of the infrastructure to the applicability of the applied courses. Besides, while the graduate theses provide a rich literature in terms of determining the current status, nature, and service quality of distance education, it is very important to reveal how distance education has been handled in these studies and which of its dimensions have remained neglected. This study was subjected to the content analysis of 257 graduate theses which were published in Turkey from 2011 (when distance education began to be regulated by law) to 2020. The results indicate that the number of the studies on the subject has been on the rise as of 2019, are concentrated in certain universities and departments of science, the study subjects and the sample are predominantly composed of students, quantitative research methods are mostly used as the data collection tool, and that the communicative dimension of distance education has been ignored.