Although ischemic heart disease is the major cause of death in diabetic patients, diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is increasingly recognized as a clinically relevant entity. Considering that it comprises a variety of mechanisms and effects on cardiac function, increasing the risk of heart failure and worsening the prognosis of this patient category, DCM represents an important complication of diabetes mellitus, with a silent development in its earlier stages, involving intricate pathophysiological mechanisms, including oxidative stress, defective calcium handling, altered mitochondrial function, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and consequent deficient cardiomyocyte contractility. While DCM is common in diabetic asymptomatic patients, it is frequently underdiagnosed, due to few diagnostic possibilities in its early stages. Moreover, since a strategy for prevention and treatment in order to improve the prognosis of DCM has not been established, it is important to identify clear pathophysiological landmarks, to pinpoint the available diagnostic possibilities and to spot potential therapeutic targets.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has become the golden standard in the assessment of exercise capacity and intensity of the patients who are performing cardiac rehabilitation. The purpose of our study was to objectify the relationships between the parameters of CPET and the lipid profile after the cardiovascular rehabilitation. We found a significant increase in oxygen consumption (VO2) values, anaerobic threshold, effort capacity and maximum heart rate and an improvement in the lipid profile, marking a reduced cardiovascular risk.

Vasopressin receptors antagonists may reduce body weight and increase Na but do not improve all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality or kidney function. In addition, acceptability of long-term treatment side effects and hospitalization appears problematic.

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Cardiovascular diseases cause approximately one-third of deaths worldwide and an increasing number of individuals with non-fatal ischemic heart disease live with chronic disabilities and impaired quality of life. Cardiac rehabilitation is designed to limit the physiological and psychological effects of cardiac illness, reduce the risk for sudden death or re-infarction, control cardiac symptoms and enhance the psychosocial and vocational status of selected patients. The study group included a group of 78 patients who had a coronary event no more than 3 months ago and who are included in cardio-vascular recovery programs. The patients were echocardiographic evaluated at the first admission and later at 6 months. The evolution of the patients was a favorable one, being objectified an increase of both the ejection fraction of the left ventricle, as well as an improvement of MAPSE and TAPSE.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a very common disease, which is characterized by a prothrombotic status, very frequently leading to severe complications.The thrombophillic status results from chronic activation of the coagulation system, associated with a decrease in the endogenous fibrinolytic capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the thrombotic status in type 2 diabetic patients and to establish if the genomic polymorphisms of the haemostatic factors favor the increase of thrombosis in insulin resistance statuses. The research was done on a group of 60 patients with T2DM. Metabolic parameters such asserum glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin and renal function indicators were assessed after 12 hours of fasting. The haemostasis was investigated through the levels of fibrinogen, thrombocytes count and morphology, the antithrombin III plasmatic concentration, the presence of different PAI-1 and coagulation factor XIII genotypes. The study revealed that PAI-14G/4G genotype was associated with high glycated hemoglobin levels and with increased total and LDL cholesterol, while the other PAI-1 genotypes had no such associations. Our research also showed that the mutant WT+MT factor XIII heterozygote was associated with high total and LDL cholesterol levels and with increased CRP concentrations.