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Trueperella pyogenes is one of the most important microorganisms causing metritis in post-partum cattle. Co-infection with other bacterial species such as Escherichia coli or Fusobacterium necrofurom increases the severity of the disease and the persistence of bacteria in utero. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of T. pyogenes strains, and their virulence and antimicrobial resistant profiles in metritis cases. The study was carried out on 200 samples obtained from metritis discharges of postpartum cattle on 18 farms around Tehran, Iran. Sixty-five T. pyogenes isolates (32.5%) were identified, of which 16 isolates were detected as pure cultures and the other 49 isolates from cultures most commonly mixed with E. coli or F. necrofurom. In terms of diversity in biochemical characteristic of T. pyogenes strains, 8 different biotypes were identified among the isolates. Single or multi antimicrobial resistance was observed in 48 isolates (73.9%), which was mostly against trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, azithromycin, erythromycin and streptomycin. The tetracycline resistance gene tetW and macrolide resistance genes ermB and ermX were detected in 30, 18 and 25 isolates, respectively. In the screening of genes encoding virulence factors, fimA and plo genes were identified in all tested isolates. Genes encoding nanP, nanH, fimC, fimG, fimE and cbpA were detected in 50, 54, 45, 40, 50 and 37 of isolates, respectively. Thirteen different genotypes were observed in these T. pyogenes isolates. A significant association between clonal types and virulence factor genes, biochemical profile, CAMP test result, severity of the disease and sampling time was detected.

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Background Three feline hemoplasma species are recognized: Mycoplasma haemofelis, ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’, and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis’. These species can cause anemia in cats and have a worldwide distribution. Objectives There was no previous information on hemotropic mycoplasma spp in cats in Iran and the Middle East. Accordingly, we investigated the molecular presence, and clinical signs and hematological profile in cats infected with these microorganisms in Iranian cats. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and cytology were performed on 100 blood samples collected from Iranian Shorthair cats. ACBC and case history were also collected for each sample. Results By PCR, 22 (22%; 14–30%, 95% CI) samples were positive. The prevalence of M haemofelis, ‘Ca M haemominutum’, and ‘Ca M turicensis’ was 63.63% (14/22), 54.54% (12/22), and 18.18% (4/22), respectively. Some double and triple co‐infections were also found. Using PCR as the reference method, cytology had poor sensitivity (27%) and reasonable specificity (89.74%). Male cats were at a higher risk of infection (P = .001). Cats older than 8 years were more frequently infected than the younger cats (P = .0018). Lower HCT (P = .018), RBC count (P = .028) and HGB concentration (P = .003) were also associated with hemoplasma PCR‐positive status. Conclusions Based on this study, the most prevalent feline hemoplasma species in Iranian cats was M haemofelis, but double and triple co‐infections are also documented. Age and sex, as well as reduced RBC parameters, were predisposing factors for hemoplasma infection.

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High mortalities in 17 canary flocks from different regions of Tehran, Iran, were reported. Necropsy and histopathologic examination revealed necrotic hepatitis and overall congestive septicaemia in carcasses. Salmonella enterica was isolated from 34 examined samples, two samples from each flock, including visceral organs of carcasses and droppings of live diseased birds. All isolates were typed as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by conventional serotyping. Antibiotic resistance profiling using 33 antibiotics and random amplification of polymorphic DNA differentiation by three primers were performed and showed an identical clonal relationship between these isolates and S. Typhimurium isolated from a sample of feedstuffs. Changing the feed ingredients along with antibiotic therapy via the drinking water by enrofloxacin solution controlled the outbreaks, and mortalities ceased. The zoonotic nature of S. Typhimurium and close contact of bird owners with pet birds in the home environment made the case significant in relation to public health.

Microsporum canis is a zoophilic fungus and it is an important agent of dermatophytosis. Cats act as important reservoirs. Clinically, it is too difficult to differentiate dermatophytosis caused by various species, also this fungus loses its morphological characteristics easily because of subculture; so using of rapid and accurate laboratory techniques for identifying the dermatophytes is important, therefore, RAPD-PCR was applied for the differentiation of the isolates. In this study, 10 M. canis isolates were detected in cats, dog, human, fox and rabbit at the Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran. For running the RAPD-PCR, PCR set system and three random primers OPU 15, OPU 13 and OPA 04 were used. Then phylogenetic tree and similarity coefficient table were drawn. The results showed that there were some common bands between M. canis isolates. There were some specific bands for each isolates, as well. Our study showed, despite the typical morphology of the whole isolates, they were placed in different branches in molecular typing.