Study of an unusual paratyphoid epornitic in canaries (Serinus canaria)

Abstract

High mortalities in 17 canary flocks from different regions of Tehran, Iran, were reported. Necropsy and histopathologic examination revealed necrotic hepatitis and overall congestive septicaemia in carcasses. Salmonella enterica was isolated from 34 examined samples, two samples from each flock, including visceral organs of carcasses and droppings of live diseased birds. All isolates were typed as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by conventional serotyping. Antibiotic resistance profiling using 33 antibiotics and random amplification of polymorphic DNA differentiation by three primers were performed and showed an identical clonal relationship between these isolates and S. Typhimurium isolated from a sample of feedstuffs. Changing the feed ingredients along with antibiotic therapy via the drinking water by enrofloxacin solution controlled the outbreaks, and mortalities ceased. The zoonotic nature of S. Typhimurium and close contact of bird owners with pet birds in the home environment made the case significant in relation to public health.

Importance of Wild Species Kept in Captivity as Reservoirs of Salmonella Serotypes for Human in Petting Exhibitions and Zoo in Iran with Focus on Antimicrobial Resistance

“…This fact can explain better the prevalence of Typhimurium serovar in exotic species other than birds in the Semnan zoo and pet shops. In the present study, Salmonella serovar Enteritidis was identified as the most prevalent serovar within avian species and this is in parallel with other studies in Iran where the prevalence of Salmonella serovars within domestic/wild and pet birds has been demonstrated (3,12,32). Keeping multiple birds in close contact with each other and in contact to other non-bird species provides the ideal environment for infectious agents to spread easily with susceptible hosts.…”

Antibiotic-Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacterial Isolates From Breeder Canaries (Serinus canaria domestica) With Clinical Disease

“…13 All the breeders declared that they had 17 Salmonella infection has been previously reported in canaries. 9,18,19 Breeding infection has direct economic consequences to those that raise these animals, but domestic bird carriers of S. Typhimurium, leading to direct or indirect transmission to humans, may be an even more important consequence. The Salmonella strains isolated in this investigation came from 3 different breeding aviaries where Salmonella outbreaks have occurred.…”

“…Few studies have previously investigated Gramnegative infections in domestic canaries (Serinus canaria domestica). 5,[8][9][10] The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria among canaries with signs of illness and the antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of the bacterial isolates.…”

Identification and antimicrobial resistance of members from the Enterobacteriaceae family isolated from canaries (Serinus canaria)

“…(Harrington et al 1975, Panigrahy & Gilmore 1983, Asterino 1996, Raidal 1998, Fudge 2001, Dorrestein 2003, Madadgar et al 2009, Rahmani et al 2011. However, in this study no bacteria from this genus were isolated, which may be explained by the excessive use of antibiotics by the owners and the absence of outbreaks reported in the domiciliary breeding locations visited.…”