A pico-ampere sensitive electrochemical sensor signal acquisition chain consisting of a multi-channel bidirectional current-mirror based potentiostat and a multiplexed current-input delta-sigma (AM) ADC is presented. Slice-based class-AB amplifiers with output stage current replication using reconfigurable current-mirrors enable bidirectional current sensing over a range of five decades. The replicated current is digitized by the ADC. The proposed circuit achieves a minimum detectable current of 91.7 pA, resulting in a dynamic range of 147 dB for sensor currents up to +1 mA. The potentiostat is operated at a 3 V supply, the ADC at 1.5 V. The static power consumption of a single interface channel depends on the number of active amplifier slices and is between 14.1 µW and 39.3 µW. The highest power efficiency among similar systems and the low voltage headroom consumption of less than 500 mV enables a versatile use of the interface for multiple sensing applications.
130 million people in Western Europe and the USA suffer from chronic cardiac degeneration or kidney insufficiency. The medical treatment requires a routine medical examination accompanied by laboratory blood analyses. This is cost-intensive for the health care system and also time consuming for the patients. This paper presents an economical, wireless sensor node solution in terms of an intelligent near field communication (NFC) potassium measurement strip (NPMS) usable in a home environment. The NPMS comprises two different electrochemical sensors for the acquisition of two parameters in capillary blood and an autonomous sense and identification grain (ASIG) for the electrical analysis, communication, and data transfer. The ASIG is equipped with an integrated amperometric and potentiostatic functionality, radio frequency identification (RFID) interface for high frequency (HF)/NFC, and has been designed using a 130 nm CMOS standard process. It facilitates the implementation of two different measurement techniques, which are necessary for the accurate determination of the potassium concentration in capillary blood, whereby the occurrence of hemolysis can be detected. This NPMS impresses with its large scale integration and is solely powered by the NFC reader device.Keywords: NFC; amperometry; potentiometry; CMOS Intelligenter NFC-Kalium-Messstreifen mit Hämolysekontrolle in Kapillarblut. Mess-und Identifikations-Chip (ASIG)
Millionen Menschen in Westeuropa und den USA leider an chronischer Herz-oder Niereninsuffizienz. Die Behandlung erfordert eine regelmäßige medizinische Untersuchung, welche mit Laboranalysen des Blutes einhergeht. Dies ist kostenintensiv für das Gesundheitswesen und auch zeitaufwendig für den Patienten. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert eine ökonomische, drahtlose Sensorknotenlösung in Form eines intelligenten NFC-Kalium-Messstreifens (NPMS) für den Heimgebrauch. Der NPMS enthält zwei verschiedene elektrochemische Sensoren für die Erfassung zweier Parameter im Kapillarblut und einen autonomen
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