Sustainable biodiesel production can be realised by the use of a low-cost feedstock, efficient energy and renewable raw materials. The simultaneous Calophyllum oil-resin extraction and its purification using a binary solvent (n-hexane mixed with alcohol) were examined to meet those aspects. The extraction conditions effect was investigated to determine the optimal oil yield and quality. n-Hexane mixed with alcohol was extracted and purified effectively the oil from Calophyllum seeds. The oil yield and its quality were mainly affected by the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio. The oil yield enhanced as the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio enlarged from 1:1 to 2.5:1. The acid value and density of the oil improved as the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio declined from 2.5:1 to 1:1. The n-Hexane-to-alcohol ratio of 2.5:1 provided the best yield (59%) of the oil extracted at 40°C for 5 hours. The oil presented its best quality at 0.893 g·cm^–3 of density, 41.0 mPa·s of viscosity, 8.8 mg KOH·g^–1 of the acid value, 88.3 g per 100 g of the iodine value, < 1% of moisture content and < 0.04% of ash content. The oil also had an inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

The waste of synthetic dyes from the textile industry causes environmental problems, and it is categorized as hazardous wastes. In contrast, the use of natural dyes is reported to produce fewer pollutants. However, the use of mordant for improving the quality of the dyeing process may release hazardous pollutants because mordant that is commonly used contains heavy metals. In order to claim that the use of natural dyes promotes the sustainable textile industry, it is challenging to find alternative sources of mordant-like materials that are environmental-friendly. It has been reported that tannins could replace mordant for dyeing process using natural dyes. This paper discussed the sustainability of the use of natural dyes in the textile industry based on economic, environmental and social aspects.

Quality of education nowadays isthe main concern for those who are involved and plunge into education. In recent years, TQM has been applied in the world of education to improve the quality of education since it is believed as an effective management philosophy for dynamic improvement, customer satisfaction, and organizational excellence. However, this notion has begun to be developed in the manufacturing sector. Therefore, this study used a qualitative approach through extensive literature to provide a better comprehension in implementing TQM in education. This research is expected to conclude the crucial factors supporting the successful implementation of TQM in education to reach the advantage of its application maximally. This paper also discussed the challenges faced in implementing TQM in education so that schools can take appropriate steps when actively implementing TQM in education. Besides, we explained about the implementation of TQM in Indonesia, particularly in vocational schools.

<span>The study aimed to investigate the influence of total quality management and school governance on school management effectiveness, whether school governance as an antecedent of total quality management and school management effectiveness. The object of research is the vocational high school with the Regional Public Service Agency status (school-based enterprise) in Indonesia. The research is a quantitative research with survey method. The sample of 533 people who are school principals, teachers, and students. It was selected by proportional stratified random sampling. The data analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM). The research finding is the total quality management has a significant influence on school management effectiveness. The mediation analysis indicates that school governance as the antecedent of total quality management and school management effectiveness. The improvement of effectiveness school-based enterprises should consider implementing total quality management and it will be increasingly by school governance application. The modeling that correlates total quality management and school governance to improved vocational school management effectiveness, especially at vocational school with Regional Public Service Agency status (school-based enterprise).</span>

One of the governments' policy through Directoral General of Learning and Student Affair, Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education in improving the access for new students namely the bidikmisi program. Program bidikmisi is a tuition fee subsidy program allocated to selected new students who possess excellent academic capability yet facing economic difficulties due to poor economical condition parents. bidikmisi program has been conducted annually in order to improve accesses to gain higher education. The purpose of this study is to reveal the impact of bidikmisi extension to the students' success in terms of student learning interest, learning attitude, motivation and academic achievement. Data collection technique used in this study were descriptive qualitative and quantitative, by spreading questionnaire to bidikmisi receiver which consisted of 246 students of year 2013, 2014 and 2015 on 28 higher education in private under kopertis regional XII. Data analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple regression. The study result indicates that the intrinsic characteristic for admission year of bidikmisi program, gender, age, school origin, area origin, parents' educational background and parents' income partially did not influence significantly to students' attitude and behaviour; however, parents' occupation gave a real impact towards students' attitude and behaviour. bidikmisi program management and the characteristic environment of college students partially gave a significant influence to students' learning interest, learning attitude, motivation in order to attain academic achievement.

The optimum conditions for the growth of Bacillus pumilus RXAIII-5 (a potential xylanase producer) were sought, these included temperature, pH, aeration, and agitation of the culture batch. Afterwards a mathematical model based on the parameter of cultivation kinetics was formulated. At the same time, the rheology of the fluid used for bacterial cultivation in a bioreactor was studied. The data obtained was used for estimating the 'scaling up' of enzyme production. The results of the study indicate that the optimum condition for processing in 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask are used temperature of 35 o C (308 o K), pH 7, and an agitation rate of 140 rpm. The highest xylanase activity and its specific activity are 297.132 U.ml -1 and 655.32 U.g -1 protein, respectively. Subsequent experiments in a bioreactor using all of the experiment parameters mentioned above, except for the agitation rate, shows that the results are as follows. The highest specific growth was at 0.082 hour -1 at an aeration and agitation rate of 0.5 vvm and 150 rpm, respectively. Based on the data of the cultivation kinetics, the optimum conditions for the fermentation in Biostat 2L-bioreactor is 1 vvm and 200 rpm of aeration and agitation, respectively. The efficiency of substrate (Yp/s) and of cell biomass (Y p/x ) to produce xylanase is 50.744 U.g -1 and 43.906 U.g -1 , respectively. The efficiency of substrate to cell production (Y x/s ) is 1.178g.g -1 . The liquid cultivation-medium has non-Newtonian properties. Based on a mathematical model it is found that the consistency index (k constant) and index of liquid behavior (n value) are 0.179 g.cm -1 .second -1 and 0.3212, respectively. Becouse the value of 00, the culture liquid is categorized as pseudo plastic one. The Rheynold number (NRe) is 6.9 x 10 3 which indicates it has turbulent characteristics. From a calculation it is found that the power required to run a suitably sized impeller is 0.228 HP (Horse Power) and the power consumption per unit volume is 0.2265 HP.m -3 . All these values were used for scaling up xylanase production in the bioreactor.

Coconut fiber is a natural fiber extracted from coconut coir, a by-product of coconut based product. It is a potential material for fiberboard because it contains high cellulose and lignin which is similar to wood. Binderless medium density fiberboard (MDF) from coconut fiber was produced to reduce the consumption of wood and the emmission of synthetic adhesives such as urea formaldehyde using lignin as natural binder. The purpose of this research were to determine the physical and mechanical properties of MDF from coconut fiber based on SNI 01-4449-2006 and JIS A 5905:2003 and to investigate the effect of oxidation treatment, additional paraffin, and pressing time to the physical and mechanical properties of the fiberboard. The results showed that the fiberboards produced on this research had medium density of 0.44-0.56 g/cm3 which met the standard for MDF. Most of fiberboards from coconut fiber obtained in this study met the standard for physical properties such as density, moisture content, thickness swelling, and screw holding power. However, the mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and internal bond of the fiberboards had not met the SNI 01-4449-2006 and JIS A 5905:2003 because of the lack of materials strength.

The study aimed to design a strategy to increase vocational school-based enterprise effectiveness by implementing school governance (SG) and total quality management (TQM). The study is a quantitative research using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach to determine the appropriate strategy followed by Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). The research subjects involved seven experts from the Director of Vocational High Schools of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia, the principal of Vocational School of DKI Jakarta and East Java Provinces, representatives of the Indonesian Ministry of Home Affairs, practitioners of vocational school-based enterprises, NGOs Care for vocational schools, and industry practitioners. The research is finding that the strategic plan model for increasing school management’s effectiveness must begin with improving and improving the quality of human resources. This research strategy’s implications are summarized in a matrix called the Effectiveness School Strategy Matrix, introduced as the ES2 Matrix. This strategy is based on the implementation of school governance (SG) and total quality management (TQM).   Received: 19 November 2020 / Accepted: 27 January 2021 / Published: 5 March 2021