Microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured SS316L has been investigated. The samples produced by selective electron beam melting machine were then subjected to gas tungsten arc welding. Various examinations were performed including metallography and microscopy, hardness testing, and tensile testing coupled with digital image correlation software. Strain distribution was clearly evident on the samples during tensile testing with necking taking place at the heat affected zone on both sides of the weldments. From tensile testing, it was clear that the ductility and strengths of the samples were equal to those of conventionally produced samples such as rolled sheet. Hardness testing indicated the uniform distribution across the base metal and the weldments. Scanning electron microscopy identified the presence of Cr and Mo-rich precipitates on the grain boundaries, while the fracture surface was entirely covered with dimples (microvoid coalescence) indicating a ductile fracture mode. KeywordsSS316L • Additive manufacturing (AM) • Electron beam melting (EBM) • Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) • Digital image correlation • Strain distribution

Jatropha curcas oil is a seed oil or bio-oil, which has advantages compared to others plant’s seed-oil.  The advantage of this oil is due to the fact that Jatropha oil does not compete with the food sector. In this research, the potential carrier oil testing was conducted to seek a way in improving the performance of Jatropha oil as lubricant oil, coolant or biodiesel. For this purpose, Jatropha oil was mixed with the other carrier oils in the variation of 0 – 45 %. Each variation was tested to obtain kinematic viscosity and density values. The results of this research was the carrier oils has the potential to be used as the mixing material since it can improve the physical properties of Jatropha oil, before the next process. Kinematic viscosity and density of Jatropha oil decreases as more percentage of mixed carrier oil was added.

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Depletion of fossil fuels and greenhouse gases is an essential issue in the development of the automotive industry. From the design stage, material selection becomes the most crucial factor. Therefore, this article discusses the development of lightweight automotive materials for increasing fuel efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. Material reliability is assessed by how much weight reduction can be achieved, production costs, safety and durability. Ferro materials (mild steel, High Strength Steel, and Advanced High Strength Steel), non-ferrous (aluminium and magnesium alloy), and Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) have been proven to reduce the total weight of vehicles up to 12.6%. Confirmation of statistical data from the literature illustrates the possibility of using lightweight material to achieve zero CO2 emission. In addition, the 12.6% weight reduction still meets the vehicle safety factor.

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ABSTRAKLiterasi ekonomi merupakan kemampuan untuk memahami ilmue konomi yaitu bagaimana manusia memenuhi kebutuhannya. Litearsi ekonomi diukur dengan pernyataan terkait fenomena ekonomi mikro dan makro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku online shop berpengaruh terhadap literasi ekonomi siswa di Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang. Pengaruhnya bersifat negatif yang menunjukkan semakin sering siswa melakukan kegiatan online shop di media social maka akan menurunkan litearsi ekonomi, dan sebaliknya. Pengaruh perbedaan lokasi antara SMA di Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang terhadap litearsi ekonomi siswa menunjukkan bahwa literasi ekonomi siswa di SMA Kota Tangerang lebih tinggi satutingkat dibandingkan dengan Litearsi Ekonomi siswa di SMA Kabupaten Tangerang. A. PENDAUHULUANDalam kehidupan sehari-hari terkadang tidak terlepas dari kegiatan ekonomi yang mengaitkan antara konsep ekonomi dengan kegiatan ekonomi pada tataran praktiknya. Kemampuan individu melakukan tindakan-tindakan ekonomi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari disebut kecakapan ekonomi atau literasi ekonomi. Sama pentingnya seperti literasi membaca, menulis dan menghitung, maka litearsi financial dan literasi ekonomi pun menjadi faktor yang terintegrasi dalam gerakan litearsi ekonomi. Literasi ekonomi bisadilaksan akan dalam kegiatan konsumsi, promosi, produksi bahkan investasi. Tujuan dari kegiatan ekonomi yaitu mencapai kesejahteraan. Untuk mencapai kesejahteraan secara ekonomi, setiap individu harus bertindak secara rasional.Kegiatan ekonomi sebagai kegiatan yang terus menerus dilakukan selama hidup, maka perlu diperkenalkan sejak awal pada anak. Hal yang sama juga dikemukakan oleh Shauqie (2006) konsep ekonomi perlu dimengerti sejak dini (TK-SMA) karena ilmu tersebut dapat diterapkan dalam seluruh segi kehidupan tanpa menuntut seseorang menjadi ekonom setelah mempelajarinya. Hal ini berarti bahwa NCEE (National Center on Education and the Economy) ini menekankan adanya suatu masyarakat literasi ekonomi. Sebab masyarakat yang tingkatliterasi ekonomi tinggisejak awal berpotensi memberikan nilai produktivitas yang lebih tinggi. Selain itu literasi ekonomi perlu diterapkan secara lebih luas di Indonesia untuk tujuan ke depan membentuk masyarakat yang melek ekonomi sehingga memiliki daya saing yang lebih tinggi. Hal senada juga dikatakan oleh Collin (2008) bahwa:"Sebagai individu, setiap siswa perlu mengembangkan pemahaman dasar tentang prinsip-prinsip ekonomi, dan bagaimana menerapkannya pada tingkat individu, lokal, nasional dan global; bertindak rasional saat membuat keputusan finansial pribadi, mempengaruhi orang lain untuk melakukan hal yang sama, menghargai kompleksitas pembuatan keputusan ekonomi dan mengerti keputusan ekonomi yang dibuat. Mereka dapat mengelola urusan pribadi karena mampu membuat keputusan yang masuk akal mengenai isuisu kebijakan publik. Ini memberikan dasar siswa terlibat dengan ekonomi,

This paper presents a study on the effect of the mixed volume fraction of Jatropha curcas Oil (JCO) and Olea europea or extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the physical properties of the oil, especially viscosity, density and water content. This study also presents the mechanical properties examination result, especially its effect on the wear rate of the pin on disc tribometer results on ST 41 steel specimens, using optical microscopy. The independent variables used were variations of the oil mixture: 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% EVOO. With the increase in the percentage of the EVOO mixture in JCO, the density decreases. The result of water content in a higher percentage of JCO, the higher the water content value of 0.1217%. Pure JCO has the higher viscosity value of 1.9084 m2/s. The higher the percentage of JCO, the lower the wear rate value obtained. In the tribometer test, the pin on disk mixture of pure JCO has the lower wear value of 5.09 m2/s.

ABSTRAKPenyakit kardiovaskular merupakan salah satu komplikasi utama diabetes melitus (DM) dan berisiko memperburuk prognosis, kualitas hidup serta meningkatkan risiko kematian. Self-management merupakan kunci utama dalam pengelolaan penyakit maupun pencegahan komplikasi dan dampak negatif yang diakibatkanya. Penelitian deskriptif ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi self-management pada pasien DM dengan komplikasi kardiovaskular beserta dampaknya terhadap indikator klinik. Seluruh pasien (123 orang) diabetes mellitus yang didiagnosa menderita penyakit kardiovaskular (hipertensi, dislipidemia, dan/atau coronary artery diseases) dilibatkan dari unit rawat jalan salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat secara total sampling. Data self-management dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti yang mencakup 6 domain (pemantauan, aktivitas fisik, pencegahan komplikasi, diet, pengobatan, dan merokok) dan mencakup 28 item pernyataan dengan skor Alpha Chronbach 0,738 dan validitas (r 0,377-0,760). Adapun data tentang indikator klinik dikumpulkan berdasarkan data sekunder dari rekam medik yang mencakup tekanan darah, kadar gula darah sewaktu, dan kadar kolesterol. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan uji beda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lebih dari setengah responden (54,5%) berada pada kategori self-management rendah dimana domain pemantauan merupakan domain dengan persentase kategori rendah paling besar (62,6%). Rerata skor self-management yang lebih tinggi ditemukan pada pasien yang mencapai target indikator klinik; tekanan darah sistolik 140mmHg, kolesterol darah 200mg%, dan gula darah sewaktu 200mg%. Namun, perbedaan skor self-management yang signifikan hanya ditemukan pada indikator gula darah (p = 0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien DM dengan komplikasi kardiovaskular di tempat penelitian ini perlu meningkatkan perilaku self-management terutama dalam aspek pemantauan. Penting juga bagi pihak rumah sakit untuk mengintensifkan upaya yang sudah dijalankan guna memfasilitasi kebutuhan tersebut. ABSTRACTCardiovascular problem is one of the main diabetes mellitus complications that potentially worsen patients’ prognosis, quality of life as well as increase the patient mortality rate. Self-management in the other hand is a key success of diseases management and complication prevention. This descriptive study aimed to identify self-management of diabetic patients who diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases and its impact on clinical indicators. All 123 diabetic patients with cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, dan coronary artery diseases) were involved in this study (total sampling) and recruited from an outpatient clinic of a private hospital in Bandung Municipality, West-Java. Data self-management were collected using questionnaire developed by the researcher covering 6 domains (monitoring, Physical exercise, complication management and prevention, diet, medication and smoking) consisted of 28 items with Alpha Chronbach 0,738 and inter-item correlation r 0.377 - 0.760. Data regarding clinical indicators were secondarily collected from patients’ medical record including current blood pressure, blood sugar level and cholesterol level. Collected data were analysed descriptively and comparatively with significance at p 0.05. The results suggested that more than half patients (54.5%) report low level of self-management where monitoring domain found as the domain with the biggest percentage of low self-management category (62.6%). In addition, respondents with higher mean score of self-management was found in patient who achieved the clinical outcomes; blood pressure 140mmHg, cholesterol 200mg%, and blood glucose 200mg%. However, statistically significant finding only identified in blood glucose indicator (p = 0.05). These results indicated that diabetic patients with cardiovascular problem in this setting need program or strategy to improve their capability in performing self-management particularly in the monitoring aspect. It also is significance for hospital to address those issues.