Building bridges between environmental and political agendas is essential nowadays in face of the increasing human pressure on natural environments, including wetlands. Wetlands provide critical ecosystem services for humanity and can generate a considerable direct or indirect income to the local communities. To meet many of the sustainable development goals, we need to move our trajectory from the current environmental destructive development to a wiser wetland use. The current article contain a proposed agenda for the Pantanal aiming the improvement of public policy for conservation in the Pantanal, one of the largest, most diverse, and continuous inland wetland in the world. We suggest and discuss a list of 11 essential interfaces between science, policy, and development in region linked to the proposed agenda. We believe that a functional science network can booster the collaborative capability to generate creative ideas and solutions to address the big challenges faced by the Pantanal wetland.
BackgroundWild plants are used as food for human populations where people still depend on natural resources to survive. This study aimed at identifying wild plants and edible uses known in four rural communities of the Pantanal-Brazil, estimating the use value and understanding how distance to the urban areas, gender, age and number of different environments available in the vicinity can influence the knowledge and use of these plants by local people.MethodsData on edible plants with known uses by communities were obtained through semi-structured interviews. A form with standardized information was used for all communities in order to obtain comparable data for analysis. For the quantitative analysis of the factors that could influence the number of species known by the population, a generalized linear model (GLM) was conducted using a negative binomial distribution as the data consisted of counts (number of citations).ResultsA total of 54 wild species were identified with food uses, included in 44 genera and 30 families of angiosperms. Besides food use, the species are also known as medicine, bait, construction, technology and other. The species with the highest use value was Acrocomia aculeata. Older people, aged more than 60 years, and those living in more remote communities farther from cities know more wild edible plants. Statistical analysis showed no difference regarding gender or number of vegetation types available in the vicinity and the number of plants known by locals.ConclusionThis study indicated more knowledge retained in communities more distant from the urban area, indifference in distribution of knowledge between genders and the higher cultural competence of elderly people in respect to knowledge of wild edible botanicals.
(Ethnobotany of medicinal plants in the Monjolinho settlement, Anastácio, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). Th is work carried out an ethnobotanical survey of the medicinal plants used by the inhabitants of the Monjolinho settlement inAnastácio city, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Th e goal of this work was to verify how residents congregate information brought from their place with information obtained where they live now, and to verify how the knowledge of spontaneous and native species from cerrado varies in relation to the specie cultivated. A total of 35 inhabitants were interviewed using the snowball method (33 women). Th e species (210) recorded belong to 72 families. Of these, many are native Cerrado species and the remaining species are cultivated next to the houses. Fabaceae and Asteraceae were the most cited families. Of the 23 species of Fabaceae, 20 are native. Th e species with the highest number of citations were jatobá (Hymenaea spp.) and barbatimão (Stryphnodendron obovatum Benth.). Th ose with a high agreement index of use (CUP) were barbatimão (S. obovatum) and cancorosa (Maytenus ilicifolia (Schrad.) Planch). Leaves represented the most used parts. Diseases of the respiratory and genitourinary systems were cited. Th e species use diversity (H' = 5,03) was high. Th e information was acquired from friends (37%), courses (17%) or family (39%), and shows that there is use of medicinal species, and knowledge about these plants, in the community.
RESUMO -Apresentamos o inventário preliminar das plantas alimentícias silvestres do Mato Grosso do Sul usadas na dieta humana ou com potencial para uso. Incluímos espécies que constam em publicações e em trabalhos inéditos dos autores, cujas coletas, realizadas no estado, estão incorporadas nos herbários CGMS, COR e CPAP. Adicionalmente, foram incluídas espécies de Arecaceae, coletadas no estado depositadas em outros Herbários e espécies dos gêneros Arachis, Dioscorea e Passifl ora que constam na Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil para o Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram encontradas 294 espécies, distribuídas em 160 gêneros e 67 famílias botânicas. As famílias mais ricas foram Fabaceae (49) e Myrtaceae (38), seguidas por Arecaceae (32) e Passifl oraceae (12). Esta é a primeira listagem de espécies alimentícias do estado.Palavras chaves: frutos comestíveis, Cerrado, Pantanal ABSTRACT -Preliminary list of native food plants of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil -We present a preliminary inventory of wild food plants found in Mato Grosso do Sul that are used in human diet or potentially useful. Species were compiled from publications and from data collected by the authors; specimens deposited in CGMS, COR and CPAP herbaria were also included. Additionally we included species of Arecaceae and of Arachis, Dioscorea and Passifl ora cited in the species list of Brazilian fl ora. We found a total of 294 species distributed in 160 genera and 67 families. The families with highest number of species were Fabaceae (49), Myrtaceae (38), Arecaceae (32) and Passifl oraceae (12). This is the fi rst list of edible species for Mato Grosso do Sul.
O reconhecimento da Febre Purpúrica Brasileira (FPB), em 1984, originou uma série de estudos que revelaram uma correlação desta doença com conjuntivites causadas por Haemophiliis aegyptius. A associação do aumento de conjuntivites em crianças e a maior densidade populacional de cloropídeos do gênero Hippelates já havia sido verificada desde o século passado. Este fenômeno está relacionado ao tropismo que estes insetos apresentam pelos olhos, secreções e feridas de onde se alimentam. Embora haja evidências do papel destes cloropídeos na transmissão mecânica de conjuntivites bacterianas, o isolamento de Haemophilus aegyptius a partir dos mesmos, no seu habitat natural, ainda não havia sido verificado. No presente trabalho obtivemos o isolamento de cepas invasivas de Haemophilus aegyptius, associadas à FPB, de duas coleções de cloropídeos, classificados como Liohippelates peruanus e uma espécie nova, Hippelates neoproboscideus, coletados ao redor dos olhos de crianças com conjuntivite.
Este trabalho teve como objetivos verificar quantas e quais são as espécies alimentícias do Chaco utilizadas por três grupos de moradores do município de Porto Murtinho, estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil e dentre essas, quais seriam mais importantes. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas dirigidas às pessoas de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 18 e 80 anos. Para a seleção dos entrevistados foram realizados sorteios, obtidas indicações de informantes-chave pelos moradores e/ ou a técnica bola de neve. Foram entrevistadas 106 pessoas, que citaram 29 espécies alimentícias nativas. Fabaceae apresentou o maior número de espécies conhecidas para fins alimentícios. A espécie com maior Valor de Uso Geral (alimentício, medicinal, construção e outros) e Valor de Uso Alimentício foi Copernicia alba (Arecales, Areaceae). Acrocomia aculeata (Arecales, Areaceae) foi a única mencionada nos três estudos. A riqueza de espécies foi considerada alta quando comparada com outras comunidades do Chaco na América do Sul. Espécies típicas do Chaco como Prosopis rubrifolia (Fabales, Fabaceae), por exemplo, foram citadas neste estudo ampliando as informações sobre o conhecimento popular a respeito da flora local. O baixo valor de uso da maioria das espécies pode ser atribuído ao fato de a maioria dos entrevistados residir na área urbana ou nas proximidades.
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