The herbicide 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) is a plant growth regulator for callus induction and somatic embryogenesis in tissue culture protocols. Research has shown that exposure to 2,4-D causes a number of environmental and health problems. Routine laboratory work involves the use of 2,4-D in the preparation of culture media, thus generating culture media with 2,4-D residues, the disposal of which is often improper. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the residual content of 2,4-D in MS (Murashige and Skoog), agrowth medium used in plant tissue cultures, after callus development. MS media were used from callus cultures of bananeira (Musa sp.) and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Callus cultures were supplemented with 2,4-D at concentrations of 1.0 and 0.5 mg.L-1, respectively. MS media were also evaluated in the absence of plant culture at the 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0 mg.L-1 concentrations of 2,4-D under light and dark conditions for a period of one month. Banana callus cultures consumed about 79% ± 0.27% of 2,4-D in the culture medium after two months. After three months of culture, it was not possible to detect 2,4-D in basil callus culture since the values found were below the detection limit (LOD ≤ 0.096 mg.L-1). Light does not appear to influence the degradation of 2,4-D in the culture medium. Results suggest that the concentration of 2,4-D residues depends on the species cultured. Improper disposal of these media might be a source of ignored and, hence, environmental contamination, depending on 2,4-D concentration and volume of mediawaste.
Aims: This research aims to report the genome sequence of the Bacillus sp. strain AN2, isolated from agricultural soil from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Western Rio Janeiro State University in Brazil, between January 2019 and December 2019.
Methodology: High-quality genomic DNA was extracted using a GenElute Bacterial Genomic DNA kit. The Nextera XT DNA Library Prep Kit was used for genomic library construction. Paired-end sequence reads were generated by an Illumina MiSeq instrument with the 600 cycles MiSeq Reagent Kit v3. Sequence data were assembled with A5-MiSeq pipeline software and the contigs were annotated by Rapid Annotation using Subsystems Technology (RAST).
Results: The obtained genome sequence of Bacillus AN2 included 21 contigs with a calculated size of 3,681,081 bp in length. The G + C content for the draft genome is 41.4%. A total of 3824 coding sequences (CDS) were predicted and encoded at least 88 tRNAs.
A educação científica e tecnológica aos estudantes de ensino médio deve ser assegurada para que este venha a contribuir de forma crítica e participativa com o desenvolvimento da sociedade. O presente trabalho foi realizado entre estudantes de ensino médio de escolas públicas da zona oeste do município do Rio de Janeiro/RJ visando observar o conhecimento destes estudantes acerca do tema biotecnologia. Os alunos foram convidados a responderem a um formulário e a participarem das oficinas experimentais do projeto. Observamos que os temas tratados por ações públicas e/ou pela mídia são mais próximas da realidade dos alunos, como a Dengue e a reciclagem; enquanto que o conhecimento sobre assuntos relacionados a microbiologia e à química são dependentes das ações realizadas nas escolas, mais especificamente pelos professores.
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