Статья содержит информацию о современном методе оценки состояния тонкого кишечника — дыхательном водородном тесте. Отдельно анализируются 2 основных показания для его использования — синдром избыточного бактериального роста в тонкой кишке и лактазная недостаточность. Показаны теоретические и практические аспекты использования дыхательного водородного теста. Приведены основные положения 1-го Римского консенсуса по использованию дыхательного водородного теста. В статье представлены результаты собственных исследований.
The article presents an analysis of literature data on the violation of intestinal permeability as one of the pathogenetic factors of irritable bowel syndrome. The structure of tight junctions is considered in detail as an important element of the normal functioning of the intestinal barrier. The researches that previously studied the expression of tight junction components in patients with irritable bowel syndrome were considered. The results of our own study with the evaluation of occludin expression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome are shown. It has been found that the expression of occludin is lower in patients with irritable bowel syndrome compared with healthy individuals.
The article deals with the concepts of irritable bowel syndrome. A brief analysis of probable factors of irritable bowel syndrome development was performed. The role of intestinal microflora and the contribution of short-chain fatty acids to the processes occurring in the irritable bowel syndrosme are considered in detail. There were analyzed the studies of different authors concerning short-chain fatty acids. The results of own studies evaluating fecal content of shortchain fatty acids in patients with irritable bowel syndrome are shown. There was revealed a significant increase in the level of short-chain fatty acids, especially in diarrheal form of irritable bowel syndrome.
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