Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a current global pandemic. The case number has increased since December 31, 2019. It has been reported that COVID-19 patients have been giving pain complaints, one of which is muscular pain. Other types of pain that have also been reported by COVID-19 patients are joint pain, stomach pain, and testicular pain. Neuropathic pain is the rarest case among others. COVID-19 mechanisms in the nerve and musculoskeletal damage are believed to be caused by the expression and distribution of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). Patients with pain, especially neuropathic pain, normally do not respond well to various therapies, and experience psychiatric disorders such as depression, which leads to a decrease in the patient’s quality of life. Important considerations for health professionals in terms of pain management during this pandemic include ensuring treatment continuity, painkillers, utilization of telemedicine, biopsychosocial management approach, and modifying therapy needs to reduce the risks of COVID-19 complications.

Introduction: Diarrhea is still a public health problem in developing countries, including Indonesia, because of its high morbidity and mortality. Breast milk is one of the important factors to reduce mortality and morbidity due to diarrhea. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of exclusive breastfeeding to the occurrence of acute diarrhea. This research is analytic research with cross sectional method. Method: The study was carried out in Community Health Centre III Subdistrict of North Denpasar from October to November 2018. The research subjects were taken by consecutive sampling. Data analysis used the prevalence ratio calculation and chi square test to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea. Result: In this study the results of acute diarrhea patients in the exclusive breastfeeding group were 17 children and non-exclusive breastfeeding as many as 31 children. Subjects who did not experience acute diarrhea in the excluded breastfeeding group were 28 children and in the non-exclusive breastfeeding group as many as 14 children. The results of statistical analysis showed the value of p=0.003 (p<0.05) PR=0.514 CI 95% (0.115-0.656). Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding has a significant relationship with the incidence of acute diarrhea and is a protective factor for the incidence of diarrhea.

Background: Asphyxia neonatorum is one of the most frequent perinatal issues caused by preeclampsia, which is one of the most common prenatal disorders. Neonatal asphyxia is one of the health problems that is very important to pay attention to because this condition is associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. Several maternal conditions are thought to be associated with neonatal asphyxia, including maternal age, gestational age, obstetric history, degree of preeclampsia, and method of delivery. This study aims to confirm this hypothesis. Methods: This study used an observational analytic design with a cross sectional design conducted between June 2021 and June 2022 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Wangaya Hospital Denpasar, 97 pregnant women with preeclampsia were included. The research data were obtained through direct recording from medical records. The data collected were maternal age, gestational age, gravida, parity, history of abortion, degree of preeclampsia and method of delivery. Results: Pregnant women with preeclampsia who had gestational age <37 weeks [p = 0.021; OR = 3.27 (1,2-8.8)], has a gravida of 1 and > 3 [p = 0.019; OR = 2.97 (1,2-7,1)], has a parity of 1 and > 3 [p = 0.033; OR = 2.62 (1.1-6.1)], had preeclampsia with severe features [p = 0.002; OR = 5.62 (1.7-17.8)], and delivered by SC [p = 0.005; OR = 6.9 (1.5-31.9)] had a higher probability of having a child with asphyxia neonatorum. Meanwhile, the mother's age at delivery [p = 0,516; OR = 0.72 (0.3-1.7)] and history of abortion [p = 0.074; OR = 2.53 (0.9-6.7)] is not a factor that causes asphyxia neonatorum. Conclusions: Factors related to the incidence of asphyxia neonatorum in pregnant women with preeclampsia are gestational age, gravida, parity, degree of preeclampsia, and method of delivery.   Latar Belakang: Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu penyulit kehamilan yang sangat umum ditemukan dan menyebabkan berbagai masalah perinatal, salah satunya asfiksia neonatorum. Asfiksia neonatorum merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang sangat penting untuk diperhatikan karena kondisi ini terkait dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas perinatal. Beberapa kondisi maternal diduga terkait dengan asfiksia neonatorum, antara lain usia ibu, usia kehamilan, riwayat obstetri, derajat preeklampsia, dan metode persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonfirmasi hipotesis tersebut.   Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional yang melibatkan 97 orang ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia di Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSUD Wangaya Denpasar periode bulan Juni 2021 sampai Juni 2022. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui pencatatan langsung dari rekam medis. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah usia ibu, usia kehamilan, gravida, paritas, riwayat abortus, derajat preeclampsia dan metode persalinan Hasil: Ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia yang memiliki usia kehamilan < 37 minggu [p = 0,021; OR = 3,27 (1,2-8,8)], memiliki gravida 1 dan > 3 [p = 0,019; OR = 2,97 (1,2-7,1)], memiliki paritas 1 dan > 3 [p = 0,033; OR = 2,62 (1,1-6,1)], mengalami preeklampsia dengan gambaran berat [p = 0,002; OR = 5,62 (1,7-17,8)], dan bersalin secara SC [p = 0,005; OR = 6,9 (1,5-31,9)] memiliki kemungkinan lebih besar untuk memiliki anak yang mengalami asfiksia neonatorum. Sedangkan usia ibu saat bersalin [p = 0,516; OR = 0,72 (0,3-1,7)] dan riwayat abortus [p = 0,074; OR = 2,53 (0,9-6,7)] bukanlah faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya asfiksia neonatorum. Kesimpulan: Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian asfiksia neonatorum pada ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia adalah usia kehamilan, gravida, paritas, derajat preeklampsia, dan metode persalinan