Proceeding from the known views of the functioning of the immune system, the main mechanism of its effector activity in fighting foreign material is development of an inflammatory process. The process also involves other systems or components, which results in the formation of a functional system intended for the most efficient elimination of the foreign agent. Thus, an inflammatory process is a normal defensive reaction of the body and, in a favorable case, reflects the normal work of the immune system. Two types of the inflammatory response have been identified depending on the character of the functional system formed: the subclinical inflammatory response (SIR) to minor stimuli and the clinically full-blown inflammatory response (FIR) to high doses of an antigen. A normally proceeding acute inflammatory process is clearly differentiated from a chronic inflammatory process (CIP). The latter may proceed with an impaired or normal reaction of the immune system to a foreign agent (specific and nonspecific CIPs) or with a hyperreaction of the immune system (allergic CIPs). A preformed dominant of the unbalanced functioning of the immune system is maintained by a CIP focus in a shock organ and underlies the CIP. However, this extends only to the FIR functional system. Adaptive activation of the SIR inhibits the unbalance dominant in any CIP. These theoretical conceptions underlie an original method of dosed immunotherapy, which consists in SIR activation with low doses of various agents in order to normalize the inflammatory process. Considering the different reactivity of the body in different individuals, the main problems are selection of the starting dose and further control of the doses administered. This difficulty has been overcome as a result of the development of a simple sensitive test for controlling the drug dose. Practical application of the proposed principle enabled stable results to be obtained in curing CIPs.
Combined analysis of drug sensitivity in vitro and in vivo is necessary for reliable diagnosis of the intolerance to prosthetic materials and local anesthetics as an intrinsic allergic reaction, especially in the cases of generally weak allergic reactions. Changes in peroxidase release from granulocytes in response to a corresponding substance is an effective in vitro test, and the provocative mucosal-gingival test (MGT) is used in vivo. During the past decade, a growth was observed in the population developing allergies to prosthetic materials and local anesthetics, which is expressed in an increased number of patients with intolerance to these materials against the background of increasing hyperresponsiveness to the drugs which have usually been tolerated well, as well as an increased proportion of patients with a polyvalent allergy to many prosthetic materials and anesthetics. At the same time, the amount of weak responses to drugs in the in vitro test has increased. Some of these patients exhibit a pathologic response to the given drug, which can be detected using the MGT. In most cases, polyvalent allergies to prosthetic materials or anesthetics and a pathological response accompanied by a weak in vitro reaction are found in patients with bronchial asthma and other chronic allergies, chronic candidosis of the oral cavity, and chronic Helicobacter and Giardia lamblia infections.
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