The influence of technical variations and of hypophysectomy and adrenalectomy on the demonstration of enzymes in the jejunal epithelium was studied. The application to fresh frozen sections of procedures for cytochrome c oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, diphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase and lactic dehydrogenase failed to reveal a precise mitochondrial localization, basing the conclusion on comparison with mitochondria as demonstrated by staining of Regaud-fixed mucosa with the Altmann-Masson procedure. Fixation in cold formalin prior to freezing and sectioning permitted a more satisfactory localization of succinic dehydrogenase in mitochondria. Hypophysectomy or adrenalectomy resulted in a reduction in number, size, staining and orderly arrangement of mitochondria in the villous epithelium as revealed in cytological preparations and those fixed and stained for succinic dehydrogenase. Alkaline phosphatase activity was also depressed. The intensification of cytoplasmic staining for lactic dehydrogenase, diphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase and succinic dehydrogenase in fresh frozen tissue probably represents concentration of formazan by reduction in cell volume and not increased enzyme activities.
Seven allergic patients with bovine milk or milk protein-inducible transient intestinal malabsorption exhibited radiologic signs of rapid transit of ingested barium through the proximal small intestine hours following oral challenge with bovine milk or milk protein solution. Control studies in the same patients without prior milk challenge revealed significantly more leisurely progress of contrast medium in the proximal small bowel. The possible pathogenetic role of such hasty transit through the functionally most effective portion of the digestive tract in patients with malabsorption points up the physiologic importance of roentgen examination of motility patterns in this particular segment of small bowel.
Two infants fed Kokoh, a Zen macrobiotic food mixture comprising cereal grains, legumes, and oil seeds, for a period of several months weighed 4.96 kg and 5.81 kg at 7 and 13 months of age, respectively. Kokoh formulas were evaluated by computation using food composition tables and chemical analysis. The computed energy value of Kokoh was within 3% of that measured by calorimetry. The daily intake of energy by the infants from Kokoh and other supplementary foods was about 400 Calories. This represents only 40% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (R.D.A.) for the United States. The estimated protein intake was 11 gm for one child, and 13 gm for the other. The quality of the Kokoh protein as determined by computation was adequate for growth, but the analytical data suggested that the amino acid pattern was poor. The unsatisfactory nature of the formulas given to the infants was due to excessive dilution. There is a need for more definitive data on the feasibility of feeding infants Kokoh and similar foods, at a concentration that will meet energy needs. Further information is required on the amino acid content of plant foods used for infant feeding. Until more is known about feeding infants on plant food proteins, infants and children fed Kokoh should be kept under strict surveillance.
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