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From the observation of reading and summarizing multiple documents, O'Hara et al. reported that paper and pen effectively integrated two different activities of reading and writing 1),8) . When using digital tools, participants in their experiment could perform both reading and writing. However, low manipulability of digital tools using a mouse and a keyboard interfered with smooth integration of reading and writing. They strongly preferred to use paper and pen for annotating when they devoted themselves to active reading.In fact, many digital tools to support active reading provide digital pens to support annotation during reading 9)-15) . Additionally, many commercially available Abstract Handwriting is preferred when people take notes or annotate during listening to lectures or reading documents. This paper proves the effects of handwriting experimentally. Two experiments using a dual task method revealed that the cognitive load of handwriting was smaller than that of typing and typing interfered with memorization more than handwriting. Moreover, this tendency was also observed for people who can type fast with touch typing. This indicates that handwriting has a strong advantage in keeping information without interfering with other cognitive activities regardless of people's typing skill.

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308size electronic paper device that can cover most official documents came into market and it supported handwriting with a digital pen. It seems to be suited for Abstract This paper explores how electronic paper should be used in office work in the future. Nine participants used an A4-size electronic paper device in their actual work. The results revealed that the electronic paper device is easy to handle as a device and it was well suited to support reading and writing activities which includes frequent hand-using actions such as moving, holding, and pointing to the device. However, participants felt difficulty in page navigation and overviewing documents and these features are inevitable to support document-related work in the office. To resolve this, we suggest that electronic paper should focus on its strengths and make other devices compensate for its weaknesses. In this framework, multiple devices support a single activity together by making use of strengths of each device. We also discuss three application domains: active reading, collaborative work using documents, and note-taking in the field.

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