An improved synthesis of arylxenon(II) salts is reported. The series of fluoro-containing arylxenon(II) tetrafluoroborates (aryl = C6F5, 2,3,4,5-C6HF4, 3,4,5-C6H2F3 and 3,5-CöH3F2) are prepared by the reaction of xenon difluoride with the corresponding aryldifluoroboranes. The salts [CöFsXe] [BF4] and [2,3,4,5-C6HF4Xe] [BF4] are long-term stable in anhydrous HF (aHF) solution at rt, while [3,4,5-C6H2F3Xe] [BF4] and [3 ,5-C6H3F2Xe] [BF4] are convertedinto 1,2,3,5-tetrafluorobenzene and 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene, respectively, within a few hours.
Die Wurzeln mehrerer Gerbera-Arten enthalten die bekaiiiiten Polyine 1 und 2. Aus Gerbera crocea wurden zusatzlich das Acctophenon-Derivat 3 und zwei neue Cumarine (4 und 7) isoliert, deren Strukturen durch spektroskopische Daten sowie durch Synthese geklart werden.
WAusgehend von Osthenol(1) werden dle Cumarille 3, 4 und 7 auf eindeutige Weise dargestellt.Weiterhin wird eine Synthese des Samidins (12) beschrieben.
Naturally Occuring Coumarin Derivatives, VII')
Synthesis of Racemic Lomatin, Columbianetin, Angenomalin and SamidinStarting with osthenol (1) the coumarlns 3, 4 and 7 have been prepared in an unequivocal manner. Furtheron a synthesis of samidin (12) is described.Osthenol (11, das inzwischen gut zughnglich geworden ist 2). ist eine geeignete ALEgangssubstanz fur die Darstellung von naturlichen Cumarin-Denvaten. Mit Perbenzoesaure erhalt man das Epoxid 2, das durch Protonen-Katalyse in Lomatin (3)3) ubergefiihrt wird.Behandelt man jedoch das Epoxid mit Natriumcarbonatlosung, so wird der Epoxid-Ring durch das Phenolat-Anion nucleophil geoffnet, und man erhalt die isoinere Funfringverbindung Columbianetin (4)4) : HO y -\%Ii dy; -OH( 02y 2 H@ 1 I 8 (hr) 7.09 3 4 8.0'1
The control of hypertension and the resulting cardiovascular events is still insufficient. Thus, the search for novel means for blood pressure (BP) reduction remains worth further clinical and research attention. The advances in vector and construct design sketch the use of gene therapy in hypertension. Areas covered: We have searched for studies using gene therapy in hypertension reporting BP outcomes. We have identified 63 experimental studies demonstrating feasible targeting of the classical and new renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, β1-adrenergic receptor, NO-cGMP axis, endothelin, natriuretic peptides, kallikrein system, cytochrome P-450 hydroxylase, oncogenes, growth factors, interleukins, angiopoietin-1, adrenomedullin or Klotho in small rodents. Expert opinion: The usual BP reduction was by 10-30 mmHg for up to several months. Some studies reported target organ damage attenuation or even survival prolongation. However, the concept did not reach the clinical phase, in contrast to other cardiovascular conditions. Increased gene transfection efficacy necessary for a systemic treatment, personalized identification of the implied aetiology from the multifactorial background and evidence from larger mammals are required for gene therapy to compete with the broad spectrum of current therapeutic options in hypertension. Until then, in the field of hypertension, gene modulation will provide a valuable research tool.
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