Inhibition ofNarcissus pseudonarcissusPhytoene Desaturase by Herbicidal 3-Trifluoromethyl-1,1′-biphenyl Derivatives

Bleaching Herbicides: Action Mechanism in Carotenoid Biosynthesis, Structural Requirements and Engineering of Resistance

“…Since then, novel compounds have been identified as phytoene desaturase inhibitors. Among them are 2,6-diphenylpyridines (Kawamura et al 1991;Babczinski et al 1992), diarylpyrimidines (Kawamura et al 1993), tetrahydropyrimidinones (Babczinski et al 1995a), I,l'-biphenyl derivatives (Laber et al 1999), phenylpyrimidinones (Burdge 2000) and diphenylpyrrolidinones (Ogawa et al 2001). Typical and efficient bleaching compounds possess a central five-or sixmembered heterocycle carrying one or two substituted phenyl rings.…”

“…This finding is a very strong indication for a common binding site of phytoene desaturase for most chemical classes of bleaching herbicides. Attempts have been made to construct hypothetical models for this binding site by overlay of selected structurally dissimilar inhibitors (Mitchell 1995;Laber et al 1999). In three-dimensional models, steric requirements of inhibitors have been suggested, in order to fit into the binding niche or lipophilic regions of the binding site for interaction with peripheral substituents of bleaching herbicides.…”

Oxazole and Isoxazole Chemistry in Crop Protection

“…Therefore, herbicides with this mode of action are called bleaching herbicides, a category to which also inhibitors of p ‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, such as the isoxazoline derivative 28 , belong . Another example for a bleaching herbicide is the benzoxazole derivative 29 . The herbicidal activity of the annulated isoxazolidine derivative 30 is based on its inhibition of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase .…”

Synthesis and herbicidal activity of novel α,α,α‐trifluoro‐m‐tolyl pyridazinone derivatives

“…Recently, diphenylpyrimidines,7 diphenylpyrrolidinones8 and aralkylcarbamates9 have been characterised as new PDS inhibitors. Very active PDS inhibition has also been reported for trifluoromethyl‐1,1′‐biphenyl derivatives 10, 11. Most of these compounds contain a 3‐trifluoromethylphenyl moiety, indicating that this may be important for herbicidal activity.…”