Background: There is a need for a type of physical activity that could address the challenging cycle of physical inactivity, impaired health-related fitness, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) conditions. Yoga could be one type of exercise to overcome the barriers to adhere to regular physical activity. The current study aimed to systematically review the effect of yoga on health-related fitness, including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, body composition, balance, and flexibility, among patients with T2DM. Methods: We systematically searched four databases and two registries (Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, WHO-ITCRP, and Clinicaltrials.gov) in September 2021, following a registered protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42022276225). Study inclusion criteria were T2DM patients with or without complication, yoga intervention as a single component or as a complement compared to other kinds of exercise or an inactive control, health-related fitness, and a randomized, controlled trial or quasi-experimental with control group design. The ROBINS-I tool and ROB 2.0 tool were used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. A vote-counting analysis and meta-analysis computed using random effects’ models were conducted. Results: A total of 10 records from 3 quasi-experimental and 7 randomized, controlled trials with 815 participants in total were included. The meta-analysis favored yoga groups compared to inactive controls in improving muscle strength by 3.42 (95% confidence interval 2.42 to 4.43), repetitions of chair stand test, and improving cardiorespiratory fitness by 6.6% (95% confidence interval 0.4 to 12.8) improvement of baseline forced vital capacity. The quality of evidence for both outcomes was low. Conclusion: Low-quality evidence favored yoga in improving health-related fitness, particularly muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness, among patients with T2DM. Funding: All authors in this systematic review received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
In diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely linked to hyperglycemia metabolism. This study aimed to find out how a banana peel supplemented diet affected histological and liver function changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, antioxidants, and tryptophan are all contained in banana peel flour (BPF). Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that has been linked to depression and anxiety. This post-test-only control group study was conducted on twenty-five male Wistar rats which were separated into five groups with different treatments. Groups II to V were diabetic rats model groups that consumed standard diet mixed with BPF 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%, respectively, while group I was a healthy control group fed a standard diet. Hepatic enzyme transaminase (Alanine Aminotransferase-ALT and Aspartate Aminotransferase - AST) and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining were analyzed with the NAFLD score to examine the liver function and hepatocellular morphology. A change in liver function was observed, as well as a substantial change in the levels of ALT and AST. The NAFLD score with HE staining showed substantial improvements in liver morphology, which was better seen at a 20% BPF dose. The current study supported the hypothesis that BPF had a hepatoprotective effect in diabetic rats, which may be due to the mechanism of controlling the hepatic enzyme transaminase and inducing liver regeneration.
Latar belakang: Kelahiran bayi dengan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) menjadi penyebab utama kematian prenatal dan terjadinya masalah pada masa tumbuh kembang. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan kejadian BBLR meningkat, diantaranya usia Ibu saat melahirkan, kadar Hemoglobin (Hb), trombosit dan leukosit yang tidak berada dalam rentang normal. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia saat melahirkan, kadar Hb, trombosit, dan leukosit Ibu hamil dengan kejadian BBLR di RS Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, periode Januari 2017-2018. Metode: Penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan data rekam medis pasien. Data diambil dari 63 Ibu hamil yang dirawat selama periode Januari 2017-2018 di RS Islam Sultan Agung. Data penelitian dianalisis mengunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil: Ibu dengan usia beresiko berpotensi 0,912 kali melahirkan bayi dengan BBLR dibandingkan dengan Ibu berusia tidak beresiko, walaupun secara statistik tidak bermakna. Ibu dengan kadar leukosit ≤13.000/µL memiliki kecenderungan 0,260 lebih kecil secara signifikan (nilai P<0,05) untuk melahirkan bayi dengan BBLR , sedangkan untuk parameter Hb dan trombosit memiliki nilai OR sebesar 0,673 dan 1,326, hal ini berarti Ibu dengan kadar Hb<11 g/dL memiliki kecenderungan 0,673 kali memicu kejadian BBLR, sedangkan kelompok Ibu dengan kadar trombosit <150.000/µL memiliki resiko 1,3 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan Ibu dengan kadar trombosit ≥150.000/µL untuk mencetuskan kejadian BBLR. Kesimpulan: Hubungan antara usia Ibu hamil, kadar Hb, dan trombosit dengan kejadian BBLR tidak bermakna secara statistik, namun Ibu dengan kadar leukosit ≤13.000/µL memiliki kecenderungan 0,260 lebih kecil secara signifikan untuk melahirkan bayi dengan BBLR dibandingkan dengan Ibu dengan kadar leukosit >13.000/µL.
Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) has been linked to depression and lipid metabolism impairment. Serotonin (5-HT) has been known to improve lipid metabolism and affect mood. The 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in banana peel flour (BPF) is a precursor to synthesize 5-HT in the body, which is linked to initiating liver regeneration via HTR2B receptors. The impact of 5-HTP in the diet on HTR2B receptor expression has yet to be thoroughly investigated. We aimed to elucidate the correlation between serum lipid profile and immobility time in Tail Suspension Test (TST) as depressive-like behavior and compare the expression of HTR2B receptor in healthy and diabetic rats. Male Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) rats were assigned to the control and treatment groups in a DM model with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) injected intraperitoneally, then either fed standard diet or BPF 10% supplemented standard diet for 21 days. Immunohistochemical staining was used to examine the expression of 5-HT, HTR2B receptors. We determined that diabetic rats fed the standard diet supplemented 10% BPF group showed significantly lower concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides compared to diabetic rats fed a standard diet and it was positively correlated between total cholesterol and LDL with the duration of immobility time in TST. The average immunoreactivity score in diabetic rats fed 10% BPF was the highest among the other groups, indicating that the available BPF dose is sufficient for HTR2B activation, which will support the liver cell regeneration process, and should be investigated further.
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