The questionnaires proved to be of very easy understanding for the studied subjects and reliable and valid for use in the evaluation of diabetes educational programs in the reality of Brazil.

Objective:to compare the adherence and empowerment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for self-care practices and glycemic control in group education strategies and home visits. Method:Clinical trial with ten randomized clusters, performed with 238 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus distributed in group education, home visit, and control group. Socio-demographic data, glycated hemoglobin and those obtained from the self-care and empowerment questionnaires were collected. Statistical analysis was performed separately by educational strategy. Results:the mean age of the patients was 57.8 years old (SD = 9.4 years old), with a predominantly female participation (66.4%). Both strategies presented similar results regarding adherence to self-care practices and patient empowerment. There was also a reduction in glycated hemoglobin levels; however, only in the education group, the difference presented statistical significance (p <0.001). Conclusion:the strategies were effective; however, group education presented better glycemic control results in relation to the home visit. International registry: NCT02132338 and national: RBR-92j38t in the clinical trials registry.

BackgroundThe aim of the current study was to analyze the perceptions, knowledge, and practices of primary healthcare professionals in providing patient education to people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsA total of 23 health professionals working in primary healthcare units in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, participated in a focus group in order to discuss their patient education practices and the challenges for effective patient education in diabetes self-management.ResultsThe results were categorized as follows: 1) lack of preparation and technical knowledge among the health professionals on some aspects of diabetes mellitus and the health professionals' patient education practices; 2) work conditions and organization; 3) issues related or attributed to the clientele themselves; and 4) diabetes care model.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of reorienting the patient education practices, health professionals' skills and work goals, and evaluation of the educational interventions, in order to establish strategies for health promotion and prevention and control of the disease.DescriptorsHealth Education; Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus; Primary Healthcare

Objective: To determine health community agents' opinions on access and care delivery to individuals with sickle cell anemia. Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted among 14 health community agents from a municipality with a high prevalence of sickle cell disease. Data were submitted to analysis of thematic content. Results: Access to the basic health unit of individuals with sickle cell disease occurred only in situations of acute episodes. We observed a barrier between patients and basic health units. Care for patients with sickle cell disease was not prioritized for those with alert signs, nor was there specific follow-up in child rearing, vaccines, or medicines. Home visits were conducted without a systematic plan. Conclusion: According to the perspective of health community agents, the care of individuals with sickle cell disease was inadequate and individuals' access to care was limited.

Objective: To examine the functionalities of mobile applications for self-care of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Integrative review targeting articles in journals indexed in the following databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Latin American Health Sciences Literature, PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Scopus, and Web of Science in the period between 2012 and 2017 using the following descriptors and their respective descriptors in English and Spanish: mobile applications, self-care and type 1diabetes mellitus. Results: Databank query yielded 248 articles, out of which 12 articles met the selection criteria and were included in the final analysis. Applications were examined in terms of functionalities catering for glycemic control, insulin therapy, diet, physical activity, sentiment analysis and social relationships. No article reported on an application featuring all of the examined functionalities. Conclusion: Mobile application functionalities were pointed out as essential aids in glycemic control of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. ResumoObjetivo: Examinar os recursos de aplicativos para dispositivos móveis destinados ao autocuidado de adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Métodos: Revisão integrativa por meio da busca de artigos nos periódicos indexados nas bases de dados: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde, PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Scopus, e Web of Science no período de 2012 a 2017, utilizando os seguintes descritores: aplicativos móveis, autocuidado e diabetes mellitus tipo 1, bem como respectivos descritores em inglês e espanhol. Resultados: A busca gerou um total de 248 artigos, dos quais 12 artigos atenderam os critérios de seleção. Os recursos dos aplicativos foram examinados a partir das funções de controle glicêmico, insulinoterapia, alimentação, atividade física, abordagem dos sentimentos e relações sociais. Observou-se que nenhum artigo descreveu um aplicativo que integrasse todos os recursos examinados. Conclusão: Os recursos de aplicativos para dispositivos móveis foram apontados como necessários para auxiliar no controle glicêmico de adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia worldwide. Oral anticoagulation is an effective strategy for primary and secondary prevention of stroke in patients with AF. Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant widely prescribed and, despite its benefits, the achievement of the goals of drug therapy depends on patient involvement, among other factors. Educational interventions can contribute for effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulation therapy. We sought to describe the protocol of a clinical trial designed to evaluate the effect of a patient-centered educational strategy focused on low-income patients with AF and poor anticoagulation control. Methods: Patients ≥18 years with AF, on warfarin for at least 6 months and time in therapeutic range (TTR) <60% will be recruited at 2 anticoagulation clinics (ACs) in Brazil. Patients from 1 AC will be allocated to the intervention group and patients from the other AC will be allocated to the control group. Intervention group will attend educational sessions based on a patient-centered care approach, and the control group will receive usual care. The intervention will be based on Paulo Freire's theory and tailored according to practices involving health empowerment and techniques applied to individuals with limited socioeconomic status. The intervention is estimated to last 5 months. We will consider TTR as the primary outcome and knowledge and self-reported non-adherence to warfarin therapy as secondary outcomes. TTR values and non-adherence will be measured before intervention (T0) and at times immediately after (T1), and 3 (T2), 6 (T3), 9 (T4), and 12 (T5) months after intervention. Knowledge will be measured at times T0, T1 e T5. The calculated sample size indicated 85 patients in each group. Discussion: The proposed study aims to investigate whether an innovative educational approach to deliver care to a low-income population on warfarin improves anticoagulation control. Once our hypothesis is confirmed, our findings are expected to help improving anticoagulation control, knowledge on warfarin therapy and adherence to drug therapy. Thus, we believe our results may contribute to improve oral anticoagulation effectiveness in a low-income population. Trial registration: Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) RBR- 9cy6py and UTN: U1111-1217-0151 (March, 2019).

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um programa educacional baseado no empoderamento das práticas de autocuidado para favorecer o cumprimento de metas em usuários com diabetes tipo 2 na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Material e método: Estudo quasi-experimental, do tipo antes e depois realizado durante 12 meses, com 127 usuários com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em seguimento num programa educacional para empoderamento em práticas de autocuidado, em cinco unidades de saúde da família da atenção primária à saúde em uma cidade de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para os dados sociodemográficos utilizou-se instrumento próprio criado para a pesquisa. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: características sociodemográficas colhidas por meio de entrevista e instrumento próprio criado para a pesquisa, características clínicas e metabólicas extraídos por meio de coleta sanguínea, nível de empoderamento colhido por meio da Escala de Empoderamento e cumprimento de metas por meio de entrevista e instrumento próprio criado para a pesquisa. Resultados: Entre os participantes, 33,9% (43) dos usuários autodeclararam cumprirem parcialmente e 66,1% (84) totalmente as metas, para o favorecimento da mudança em comportamento e melhora do controle do diabetes. Em relação ao empoderamento, a chance de cumprimento total de metas no grupo com maior pontuação é 2,98 vezes a chance do grupo com menor pontuação (IC95%: 1,30-6,86). Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que o programa educacional baseado no empoderamento das práticas de autocuidado favoreceu o cumprimento de metas em usuários com diabetes tipo 2 na Atenção Primária à Saúde.

Resumo Objetivo Investigar, na literatura nacional e internacional, os aplicativos móveis existentes desenvolvidos para gerenciamento da doença falciforme. Métodos Estudo de revisão integrativa, conduzido nas bases de dados Medline/via PubMed, BVS, Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (Cinahl), Web of Science e Scopus, no período de setembro de 2016 a março de 2018. Os artigos selecionados foram analisados de acordo com a Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHQR). Resultados Integraram esta revisão 12 artigos, sendo dois da Web of Science e o restante da PubMed. Conclusão Esta revisão mostrou a incipiência de estudos que contemplam o desenvolvimento de aplicativos móveis no contexto da doença falciforme. No Brasil não foram identificados estudos que utilizem aplicativos móveis direcionados à população com doença falciforme, apesar da alta incidência desta condição crônica. Este estudo aponta para a necessidade de desenvolvimento de aplicativos móveis como importante recurso educativo que possa apoiar a prática de autocuidado das pessoas com doença falciforme.