Background: Helicobacter pylorus has been identified as a major cause of peptic ulcer disease, risk factor for gastric cancer and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. There is an emerging increase in antimicrobial resistance and subsequently failing empiric H. pylori eradication therapies which increases need to asses antibiotic susceptibility for H. pylori in every country, this will be done after its culture. Culturing of H. pylori is affected by multiple factors. Aim of the work: To Identify factors affecting H. pylori culture. Patients and Methods: A group of 134 adult patients with upper gastrointestinal complaints were recruited excluding patients who received PPI in last 2 weeks and Antibiotic in last 4 weeks. Upper GIT endoscopy was done, biopsies were collected; histopathological examination and culture of H. pylori were done, we studied the relation between culture result, patients and bacterial factors. Results: Out of 134 studied biopsies, 20 had H. pylori culture positive (14.9%), the bacillary form of H. pylori was more cultivable (9/24, 37.5%) (P = 0.008). Positive culture results were associated with moderate infestation by H. pylori (14/20, 70%). Diabetes mellitus was associated with positive culture result (5/20, 25%) with (P = 0.04). Only one case of culture positive H. pylori had previous history of H. pylori treatment (1/20, 5%). Conclusion: H. pylori culture is affected by multiple factors besides technical factors include form of H. pylori organism and degree of infestation of tissue by H. pylori, other factors like DM and previous H. pylori treatment of the patient.
Onychomycosis is a common nail disease, especially in older patients.Various treatment options are currently available for onychomycosis; however, their limitations include high failure rates, time-consuming nature, high cost, and high risk of drug interactions. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of onychomycosis treatment with a long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser. Patients and Methods: ten patients were assessed. The study involved treatment with a long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser in two sessions at 4-week intervals. Fungal culture at two media sabourauds dextrose agar with cycloheximide and without cycloheximide and microscopic examination were performed at the start and then one-month after the second session. Results: After two sessions, the mycological test results were negative in eigh 80%. The result showed that the mean improvement percentage was 60.50 %. Side effects were mild and limited to mild pain and delayed nail growth after the laser procedure. Conclusions: Long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser therapy is safe and effective for treating onychomycosis.
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