The hot climatic conditions of tropics prevailing particularly in summer are contributing to the poor performance of the bivoltine breeds and the most important aspect is that many quantitative characters such as viability and cocoon traits decline sharply when temperature is high. Hence, in a tropical country like India, it is very essential to develop bivoltine breeds/hybrids which can withstand the high temperature stress conditions. This has resulted in the development of CSR18×CSR19, compatible hybrid for rearing throughout the year by utilizing Japanese thermotolerant hybrids as breeding resource material. Though, the introduction of CSR18×CSR19 in the field during summer months had considerable impact, the productivity level and returns realized do not match that of other productive CSR hybrids. Therefore, the acceptance level of this hybrid with the farmers was not up to the expected level. This has necessitated the development of a temperature tolerant hybrid with better productivity traits than CSR18×CSR19. Though, it was a difficult task to break the negative correlation associated with survival and productivity traits, attempts on this line had resulted in the development of CSR46×CSR47, a temperature tolerant bivoltine hybrid with better productivity traits than CSR18×CSR19. However, though, these hybrids are tolerant to high temperature environments, they are not tolerant to many of the silkworm diseases. Keeping this in view, an attempt is made to develop silkworm hybrids tolerant to high temperature environments.
Liver cirrhosis, alcoholic liver diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver and steatohepatitis are the major risk factors for liver damage leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxidative stress and insulin resistance are the main pathogenetic mechanisms leading the hepatic cell injury and damage in these patients. The present review is the first attempt which focuses on the biological activities of Bergenia ciliata to explore its benefits and possible applications in the treatment of liver ailments. Bergenia ciliata is an evergreen herb belonging to the family saxifragaceae and is regarded as a miracle herb due to its wide medicinal applications. The data published in India and other nations are methodically reviewed and summarized in this article. It covers the facts collected from scientific journals, theses and online bibliographical databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science from year 1995–2020. The phytochemical studies on B. ciliata have shown the presence of many phytochemicals belonging to phenols, flavonoids, fatty acid, glycosides, terpenoids, etc. Due to the presence of a multitude of these bioactives, the whole plant of B. ciliata has numerous medicinal applications such as diuretic, antipyretic, α-glucosidase, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activity. Therefore in the present study, we invite the attention of scientists and researchers to carry out further clinical and toxicological studies on this valuable plant in order to discover and develop novel hepatoprotective medicine with fewer side effects on human beings.
OBJECTIVE:To find out the bactericidal effect of extract of the Acacia catechu and Ficus hispida which are commonly used by the local quacks for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery in the villages of the state of Manipur where the medical facilities are not available. METHODS: The plant barks are collected from different parts of Manipur during the period of March 2006 to February 2007, dried at room temperature; make powder in the grinder and soxhlated at low temperature to get the yield (extract). In case of Acacia catechu dried power form is available in the market. The powder is soxhlated to get the yield. These extracts are tested for the bactericidal effect in serial dilutions against the known strain of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and incubated at 37 0 C overnight. After overnight incubation, the tubes are checked for the growth of the organisms and from the tubes sub cultures are made serially corresponding to the dilutions on to the Blood agar, Mac Conkey and Nutrient agar media, incubated at 37 0 C overnight. After overnight incubation, the dilution where the growth of the organisms does not occurred, are noted and tabulated. RESULT: The aqueous extract of Acacia catechu shows bactericidal effect up to the dilution of 1:8 whereas the aqueous extract of Ficus hispida shows no bactericidal effect even at higher concentration. CONCLUSION: These plants extract have been using for the treatment of ailments in the villages of the state of Manipur by the local quacks since time immemorial. In this study it has seen that Acacia catechu has the medicinal properties whereas Ficus hispida has no bactericidal property though the plant has other medicinal properties. It is therefore, necessary to do further studies to identify the ingredients present in this two plants for safe use and large scale production in the state.
Yashtimadhu Churna is one of the traditional formulations used as antacid, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-stress, demulcent, antibacterial and anti-asthmatic agents. The formulation mainly contains Yastimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract. Present study described preliminary qualitative phytochemicals analysis and chromatographic fingerprinting of Yashtimadhu Churna using HPLC and HPTLC analysis. Study also presented anti-inflammatory potential of formulation using protein denaturation method. This study helps to establish standardization parameters of Yashtimadhu Churna and also confirmed anti-inflammatory potential of formulation.
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