A variety of wound dressing are available for burns. Furthermore, although their impacts on wound healing have been studied sufficiently, their effects on blood remain unclear. Meanwhile, this aspect is extremely important, since blood interacts with the wound dressing, especially in extensive burn injuries. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the hemocompatibility and immunogenicity of different burn wound dressings. Accordingly, human whole blood (n = 5) was anticoagulated with heparin, treated with different wound dressings and incubated at 37 C for 30 minutes. Different parameters for coagulation and hemocompatibility were evaluated before and after incubation. Consequently, Jelonet, Xenoderm, and Matriderm showed higher TAT-III concentrations, Jelonet, Xenoderm, EZ Derm, and Matriderm were higher β-thromboglobulin; EZ Derm and Burntec showed higher SC5b-9 concentrations after incubation with whole blood. Our ex vivo study provided initial insights into the hemocompatibility and immunogenicity of different burn wound dressings. Moreover, Xenografts (Xenoderm and EZ Derm), Jelonet and Matriderm showed a hemostyptic effect, while EZ Derm and Burntec activated the complement system. Therefore, further studies must be conducted to analyze the possible effects in vivo. Hemocompatibility of different burn wound dressingsDenzinger et al.
A therapeutic strategy to improve wound healing has become an increasingly important medical task due to the rising incidence of adiposity and type II diabetes as well as the proceeding population aging. In order to cope with the resulting burdens, new strategies to achieve rapid and complete wound healing must now be developed. Accordingly, the development of a bioactive wound dressing in the form of a messengerRNA (mRNA)-bearing poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid) (PLGA) coating on surgical suture is being pushed further with this study. Furthermore, the evaluation of the polymer-based transfection reagent Viromer RED has shown that it can be used for the transfection of eukaryotic cells: The mRNA gets properly complexed and translated into a functional protein.In addition, the mRNA-PLGA coating triggered the expression of the keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) in HaCat cells although KGF is not expressed under physiological conditions. Moreover, transfection via surgical sutures coated with mRNA does not affect the cell viability and a proinflammatory reaction in the transfected cells is not induced. These properties make the mRNA-PLGA coating very attractive for the in vivo application. For the future, this could mean that through the use of mRNA-coated sutures in surgical wound closure, cells in the wound area can be transfected directly, thus accelerating and improving wound healing.
During open-heart surgery, the status of hemostasis has to be constantly monitored to quickly and reliably detect bleeding or coagulation disorders. In this study, a novel optimized piezo-based measuring system (PIEZ) for rheological monitoring of hemostasis was established. The applicability of the PIEZ for the evaluation of nucleic acid-based drugs influencing coagulation was analyzed. Thrombin aptamers such as NU172 might be used during extracorporeal circulation (ECC) in combination with a reduced heparin concentration or for patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Therefore, the effect of the coagulation inhibiting thrombin aptamer NU172 and the abrogation by its complementary antidote sequence (AD) were investigated by this rheological PIEZ system. After the addition of different NU172 concentrations, the coagulation of fresh human blood was analyzed under static conditions and using an in vitro rotation model under dynamic conditions (simulating ECC). The clotting times (CTs) detected by PIEZ were compared to those obtained with a medical reference device, a ball coagulometer. Additionally, after the circulation of blood samples for 30 min at 37 °C, blood cell numbers, thrombin markers (thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) and fibrinopeptide A (FPA)) and a platelet activation marker (β-thromboglobulin (β-TG)) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The increase of NU172 concentration resulted in prolonged CTs, which were comparable between the reference ball coagulometer and the PIEZ, demonstrating the reliability of the new measuring system. Moreover, by looking at the slope of the linear regression of the viscous and elastic components, PIEZ also could provide information on the kinetics of the coagulation reaction. The shear viscosity at the end of the measurements (after 300 s) was indicative of clot firmness. Furthermore, the PIEZ was able to detect the abrogation of coagulation inhibition after the equimolar addition of NU172 aptamer´s AD. The obtained results showed that the established PIEZ is capable to dynamically measure the hemostasis status in whole blood and can be applied to analyze nucleic acid-based drugs influencing the coagulation.
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