With STEM education, children obtain 21st-century skills, such as systematic thinking, problem-solving, being able to see the relationships between events and creative thinking skills, etc. and as for the development of problem-solving skills, it is included in 21st century skills in connection with STEM education. In parallel with the abovementioned, this study aims to examine the effect of a STEM-Based Education Program on the problem-solving skills of children aged five. The research group was determined by the purposive sampling method; the experimental group was composed of 19 five-year-old children of a private kindergarten from Ankara’s Çankaya province, and the control group included 18 children from the 2017–18 academic year. The General Information Form and Problem Solving Skills Scale were used as data collection tools in the study. The STEM-Based Education Program prepared by the researcher was applied to children in the experimental group two days a week for a period of eight weeks. It was determined that there was a significant difference in the problem-solving skills of children in the experimental group who received the STEM-Based Education Program (p< 0.05). It was observed that the effect of the training was preserved with the permanence test applied to the experimental group three weeks after the last test. It has been determined that educational programs with STEM-based activities significantly affect children’s problem-solving skills.
Bu araştırma 2020 yılında Annelerin kaygı düzeyleriyle çocukların kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlayan betimsel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmanın evrenini İstanbul’da yaşayan anneler ve okul öncesi eğitim gören çocuklar oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubunu kolayda ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 137 çocuk ve anneleri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplamak için araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen “Aile Bilgi formu”; annelerin kaygı düzeylerini ölçmek için Spielberger’in tarafından geliştirilen, Öner ve Le Compte (1976) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan “Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği”; çocukların kaygı düzeylerini ölçmek için ise Spencer ve ark., (2001) tarafından geliştirilen, Şahin (2000) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan “Okul Öncesi Çocuklarda Kaygı (Kaygı) Ölçeği (Ebeveyn Formu)” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılım göstermesi nedeniyle çalışmada ortalama puanlarının kişisel bilgilerle arasındaki farklılıkları test etmek adına independent t-testi ve ikiden fazla değişkenleri test etmek için ise One-Way Anova analizi uygulanmıştır. Testlerde anlamlılık derecesi 0,05 olarak dikkate alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler sonucunda annelerin kaygı düzeyleri ile çocukları kaygı düzeyleri arasında pozitif ilişki çıkmıştır. Yani annelerde artış gösteren kaygı düzeyi, çocuğun da kaygısının artış göstermesine sebep olmaktadır. Anne yaşının çocuğun kaygı düzeyine de etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Erken yaştaki annelerin çocuklarındaki genel kaygı ve ayrılık Kaygısı puan ortalamaları daha yüksektir.
Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling is an animal model for studying human temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), which is characterized by alterations of hippocampal neurons and memory. Although the intranasal (IN) administration of oxytocin (OT) has limited efficiency, nanoparticles (NPs) are a promising candidate to deliver OT to the brain. However, there are very limited data on epilepsy research about oxytocin-loaded nanoparticles (NP-OTs). The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of IN administration of chronic NP-OTs on the hippocampus of PTZinduced male epileptic rats in terms of seizure severity, memory, neurogenesis, and neuronal damage. Saline/OT/NP-OTs were administrated to both control (Ctrl) and PTZ groups intranasally. Consequently, saline and PTZ were injected, respectively, 25 times every 48 h. Then, seizure severity (score and latency) was calculated for the PTZ groups. A spatial working memory evaluation test (SWMET) was performed after the last injection. Hippocampus histopathology, neurogenesis, and apoptosis were demonstrated. Serum total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels and the oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured. We showed that OTs and NP-OTs prevented the kindling development and had positive effects on seizure severity. SWMET-related behaviors were also recovered in the PTZ + NP-OT group. A significant increase of neurogenesis and decrease of apoptosis in the hippocampus of the PTZ + NP-OT group were observed, while OTs and NP-OTs had protective effects against PTZ-induced damage to hippocampal neurons. Our results indicate that the chronic administration of NP-OTs may have positive effects on hippocampal damage via increasing neurogenesis and decreasing apoptosis and seizure severity.
Cüneyd Kosal is a musician who has built a bridge between the recent past and the present, and has provided great services in every field of Turkish music as a qanun performer, composer, researcher and even poet. In this study; The qanun improvization in Cüneyd Kosal's Mahûr-Hicâz maqam has been examined in terms of execution techniques. In the collection of data, literature review, document review and archive scanning were made. The improvisation performed by Cüneyd Kosal was notated and written in the computer environment with the Finale 2014 program. First of all, information was given about the decoration techniques he used in his improvization and these techniques were explained on the note and explained separately. In accordance with the analysis of Kosal's improvization in Mahûr-Hicâz maqam, it was concluded that he used the flick technique the most. It has been suggested that Kosal should be taken as an example by law enforcers and educators in order to gain his position and to have a guiding position.
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