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Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the possible nephroprotective and therapeutic role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in comparison to vitamin C in a rat model of gentamicin (GM) induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats (150-200 gm) were used in this study. Five rats were utilized to obtain BMSCs and thirty-five rats were divided into: Group I: control, Group II (GM): received 100mg/kg GM intramuscularly for 8 days, subdivided into: subgroup IIa (GM toxicity): sacrificed after the last dose of GM; and subgroup IIb (GM recovery): sacrificed 8 days after the last injection; Group III (Protection): subdivided into: subgroup IIIa (BMSCs protection): received a single intravenous (IV) injection of BMSCs with the first dose of GM and subgroup IIIb (Vitamin C protection): received 200mg/kg vitamin C intraperitoneal (IP) for 8 days simultaneously with the daily GM doses; and Group IV (Treatment): subdivided into: subgroup IVa (BMSCs treatment): received single IV injection of BMSCs after the last dose of GM and subgroup IVb (Vitamin C treatment): received 200mg/kg vitamin C IP for 8 days after the last dose of GM. Serum creatinine and urea were measured, and kidneys were processed for histological, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies. Results: GM resulted in vacuolation, desquamation of tubular epithelium, interstitial inflammation, congestion and increased number of PCNA positive cells. Serum creatinine and urea were significantly increased. Vitamin C administration, either as a treatment or protection, significantly ameliorated these changes. Conversely, BMSCs could not prevent the GM toxicity but exerted a therapeutic role. Conclusion: BMSCs had no role in protection against GM nephrotoxicity, whereas, their administration after kidney injury assisted kidney regeneration. However, vitamin C exhibited a dual significant role in prevention and improvement in kidney structure and biochemical results.

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Background: The consumption of fast-food is increasing among children, adolescents and adults. Carbonated drinks as Diet Coke are widely consumed with fast food. One of the thousands of chemicals used in our new high-tech foods is the monosodium glutamate (MSG). Aim of the study: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Diet Coke and monosodium glutamate salt either separately or in combination on the cerebellar cortex of adult male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups. Group I: control group. Group II (Diet Coke group) which was subdivided into: subgroup IIA: each rat received 2.5 ml of Diet Coke twice daily by oral gavage and subgroup IIB: rats received Diet Coke instead of water throughout the day. Group III (MSG group): rats received MSG salt solution (3 gm MSG / kgm) by oral gavage once daily. Group IV (combination group) rats received combination of MSG solution and Diet Coke. This group was subdivided into two subgroups. Subgroup IVA: rats received MSG salt solution in the same dose as group III and 2.5 ml of Diet Coke twice daily, by oral gavage. Subgroup IVB: rats received MSG salt solution in the same dose as group III and Diet Coke instead of water throughout the day. At the end of the experiment (21 days) cerebella were dissected out and processed for histological, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies. Results: Histological examination of the cerebellar cortex revealed that both Diet Coke and MSG either separately or in combination resulted in degenerative changes that were more significant in the combination group. Conclusion: Diet Coke and MSG induced degenerative changes in the cerebellar cortex that was more significant in their combination.