Background: Technology has played important roles in education, thus the application of online Kahoot! Game-based technology as a learning tool particularly in formative assessments might improve learning and achieve promising education. It can be applied live, either face to face or virtual in distance learning as during the current situation of COVID-19 pandemic that resulted in total shift toward online learning. Methodology: Kahoot! Game-based histology and cell biology lab formative assessments were prepared, equipped with light and electron microscopic photos, and applied for 2 nd year undergraduate medical students. Students' engagement was evaluated by calculating number of engaged students in Kahoot! versus number of attended students in each lab. Students' satisfaction was evaluated according to students' feedback collected on Kahoot! platform and by an online questionnaire applied on Google Forms which included 5 items that were measured on a 5-point Likert scale, with 1 indicating strongly disagree and 5 indicating strongly agree, with overall satisfaction ranging between 5 (least satisfaction) and 25 (maximum satisfaction). YouTube videos were done to demonstrate and spread the idea of using Kahoot! platform in education particularly in the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Kahoot! was successfully applied in Histology and Cell Biology lab sessions. Students' engagement for Kahoot! game-based formative assessments were 100% in most lab sessions. The mean overall students' fun assessment score for Kahoot! was 4.65 out of 5. Most students recommended the use of Kahoot! game-based formative assessments. The mean overall Kahoot! questionnaire satisfaction score was 24.25 (ranging between agree and strongly agree). YouTube videos were successfully published. Conclusion: Kahoot! produces marked students' engagement and satisfaction in formative assessments enabling it to be applied live for any learning session either face to face or virtual for distance learning.

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It had been suggested that chronic exposure to Schistosoma mansoni prevents the onset of Th1-mediated diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The present study was carried out on four groups of mice: (1) control group, (2) group infected with S. mansoni, (3) group injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes, and (4) group infected and then 3 months postinfection injected with streptozotocin. No differences were detected between the infected non-diabetic and infected diabetic groups regarding worm burden, tissue egg count, and oogram. At the same time, results showed a reducing effect of S. mansoni infection on the rate of glucose uptake by the diaphragm with reduction in glycogen content of soleus muscle. This an important issue since skeletal muscle is the primary site for insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. In conclusion, because of the detected depressed peripheral glucose uptake by the diaphragm, the protecting effect of helminths infection in diabetes should be reconsidered, to be able to devise therapeutic strategies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

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