Summary
Reasons for performing study: Currently, there is no recommended immunoprophylaxis against febrile respiratory diseases due to equine herpesvirus‐1 (EHV‐1) and ‐4 (EHV‐4) in horses below age 5–6 months. This is because of interference by maternally‐derived antibody (MDA) of vaccines.
Objective: Unweaned equine foals are an important reservoir of EHV‐1 transmission; therefore, we experimentally assessed the efficacy of a live EHV‐1 vaccine in foals age 1.4‐3.5 months with MDA.
Methods: Following vaccination and challenge, parameters assessed were virus shedding in nasal mucus, leucocyte‐associated viraemia, circulating virus neutralising antibody activity and clinical reactions.
Results: Controlled challenge showed that a single intranasal dose of the vaccine afforded partial but significant protection against febrile respiratory disease, virus shedding and viraemia due to EHV‐1 infection, despite virus‐neutralising MDA.
Conclusions and potential relevance: The prospective vaccine would be a significant step forward in reducing the incidence of the disease caused by EHV‐1 infection.
The object of these experiments was to try to discover if there is any definite cycle of development of the trypanosome of Sleeping Sickness in the tsetse fly,
Glossina palpalis
, and if the late or renewed infectivity of the fly coincides with any phase in this development. The mode of experimentation was to feed a cageful of
laboratory-bred
tsetse flies on an animal whose blood contained numerous trypanosomes, and at the end of various times to kill the flies and examine their intestinal contents. This was done for periods of one day, two days, three days, and so on, up to 56 days. The microscopical examination of preparations made from the intestinal contents on the various days gave information as to the number and appearance of the trypanosomes.
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