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The aim of this work was to evaluate the quality of RR and RR2 soybean cultivars submitted to different drying temperatures and storage conditions in real scale and experimental. In the real scale, the soybean lots evaluated were divided into: dry soybeans (RR and RR2), dry soybeans in the cooperative's drying unit (80, 100, and 120 C), and moist soybean grains, without distinction of the cultivars. The batches of dried grains were subjected to storage for a period of 2 months. In laboratory experiment, after drying (35, 45, and 45 C), the soybean samples were stored in cold rooms under controlled temperature conditions (10 and 20 C) and evaluated in storage periods of 0, 30 and 60 days. It was concluded that the anticipated harvest of soybean lots submitted to artificial drying obtained better quality results. The conditions applied in drying and storage infers the physicochemical quality of the grains according to the type of soybean cultivar.The drying of soybean lots at 35 C and stored at 10 C temperature conditions obtained better physicochemical quality. The soybean lots of RR cultivar maintained higher levels of protein and lipids after drying and storage processes. Practical applicationsAdopting more suitable drying and storage conditions for soybean cultivars processed in storage units facilitates the management of grain mass throughout the processes, reducing quanti-qualitative grain losses and postharvest grain flow logistic problems. | INTRODUCTIONThe main purpose of soybean production is to export raw material to countries in Europe and Asia, in addition to the production of oils and meal for human consumption, animal feed production, and biofuel. Therefore, it is necessary to meet the quality standards of the grains established by the consumers, mainly the quality standards of international marketing. In this way, it is up to the postharvest stages to maintain the physical-chemical quality of the product coming from the crop until the moment of its processing. In the postharvest process, although drying is a fundamental operation to reduce grain water contents in order to provide a safe storage, this process can attack the physical-chemical structure of the grains, causing quality losses

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of seeds of RR and RR2 PRO soybean cultivars stored in ambient air with raffia packaging (ANER), ambient air with laminated packaging (ANEL), modified atmosphere with polyethylene packaging (AMEP), refrigerated atmosphere (1 to 3°C) with raffia packaging (ARER), refrigerated atmosphere (1 to 3°C) with laminated packaging (AREL), and modified (-14 PSI) and refrigerated (1 to 3°C) atmosphere with polyethylene packaging (AMREP), over 6 months of storage. Results showed that the seeds of cultivar RR2 were preserved with better physiological quality. Raffia and polyethylene packaging under natural storage conditions, in a refrigerated and modified atmosphere, did not preserve the seed quality over the storage period. The conditions of storage in ambient air with laminated packaging (ANEL) and in a refrigerated atmosphere with laminated packaging (AREL) reduced the environmental effects of temperature and relative humidity, leading to better results of physiological quality of the seeds. Storage time negatively influenced the physiological quality of seeds, except for AREL and ANEL, which maintained the quality close to that of the initial conditions, over the 6 months of storage. The best alternatives for soybean seeds storage over 6 months are the laminated packaging in a natural environment, matching the refrigerated conditions. The technological laminated packaging can be used as a new alternative for conserving soybean seeds in processing and storage units.

The use of silo and raffia bags for the temporary grain storage has been increasing in recent years. However, the methods for monitoring a stored product are limited to visual inspections and sampling. Thus, this research aimed to real-time equilibrium moisture content monitoring to predict grain quality of corn stored in different conditions in silo and raffia bags using wireless sensor network prototype, Internet of Things (IoT) platform, and neural network algorithms. Experiments were conducted using corn grain with two initial water contents of 13% and 18% (w.b.), three storage environments with temperatures of 30, 23, and 17 C, and two types of packaging, that is, silo and raffia bags, for a 3-month storage evaluation. During the monitoring

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A garantia da padronização e qualidade dos grãos de arroz se devem às boas práticas de pós-colheita. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho operacional e a qualidade de grãos de arroz armazenados em silos secadores. O trabalho foi realizado numa unidade armazenadora composta por cinco silos secadores. Na primeira etapa, foram armazenados grãos de arroz em casca, com diferentes massas e alturas, analisando a movimentação de ar e a temperatura. Na sequência, avaliou-se a movimentação do ar no interior da massa de grãos para diferentes processos de peneiramento. Logo, realizou-se a coleta das amostras de arroz em onze diferentes pontos, para análise física dos grãos. Assim, as variações das alturas e a forma de processamento da massa de grãos influenciaram na pressão estática e no desempenho silos secador, reduzindo a capacidade de trabalho e interferindo na qualidade dos grãos. A eficiência da secagem dos grãos de arroz foi inversamente proporcional ao aumento da pressão estática, evidenciando secagem incompleta nas camadas superiores. A operação de peneiramento contribuiu na redução de impurezas e melhorou a distribuição da pressão estática das camadas de grãos, favorecendo a movimentação do ar. Os lotes de grãos de arroz não repeneirados apresentaram a formação de corredores de passagem de ar, prejudicando a secagem e a qualidade dos grãos. Concluiu-se, para que o sistema silo secador tenha eficiência operacional é fundamental homogeneizar os teores de água dos grãos, eliminar totalmente as impurezas e matérias estranhas através de rotinas de peneiramento.

Rice is one of the most cultivated cereals in the world and the increase in crop yield is associated with cultivars and levels of soil fertilization, and may suffer changes in grain quality after processing. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical quality of grains of rice benefited as polished and integral of cultivars IR 424 RI and IR 431 CL as a function of different levels of fertilization. After the harvest, the grains were subjected to the debarking and polishing processes. Quality analysis was performed according to the physical classification of rice. The cultivar IR 424 RI obtained higher values of yellow, burned and plastered grains, and in the cultivar IR 431 LC more broken, chopped and stained grains were observed. The average yield of polished rice of cultivar IR 431 CL was 44.54% and cultivar IR 424 RI was 56.80%. Meanwhile, the average yield of whole rice of cultivar IR 431 CL was 65.02% and cultivar IR 424 RI was 73.08%. The increase in the fertilization levels of the rice influenced positively on the yield of whole grains, but did not present satisfactory results regarding the physical quality.