The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition of the macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S), and micronutrients: boron (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn), and the elements aluminum (Al) and sodium (Na) measured in soybean seeds from different producing regions of Brazil. This work was carried out by sampling 2543 lots of soybean seeds produced in the 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012 growing seasons. There is high variability of macro and micronutrients concentration in soybean seeds produced in several regions of Brazil. The nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and calcium are the most pronounced macronutrients in soybean seeds. Among the micronutrients, iron, manganese and zinc are those with more evidence. Understanding macro and micronutrients variability is critical for improving management and fertility treats in soybean seed production fields.
This study aimed to evaluate the quality of seeds of RR and RR2 PRO soybean cultivars stored in ambient air with raffia packaging (ANER), ambient air with laminated packaging (ANEL), modified atmosphere with polyethylene packaging (AMEP), refrigerated atmosphere (1 to 3°C) with raffia packaging (ARER), refrigerated atmosphere (1 to 3°C) with laminated packaging (AREL), and modified (-14 PSI) and refrigerated (1 to 3°C) atmosphere with polyethylene packaging (AMREP), over 6 months of storage. Results showed that the seeds of cultivar RR2 were preserved with better physiological quality. Raffia and polyethylene packaging under natural storage conditions, in a refrigerated and modified atmosphere, did not preserve the seed quality over the storage period. The conditions of storage in ambient air with laminated packaging (ANEL) and in a refrigerated atmosphere with laminated packaging (AREL) reduced the environmental effects of temperature and relative humidity, leading to better results of physiological quality of the seeds. Storage time negatively influenced the physiological quality of seeds, except for AREL and ANEL, which maintained the quality close to that of the initial conditions, over the 6 months of storage. The best alternatives for soybean seeds storage over 6 months are the laminated packaging in a natural environment, matching the refrigerated conditions. The technological laminated packaging can be used as a new alternative for conserving soybean seeds in processing and storage units.
The use of silo and raffia bags for the temporary grain storage has been increasing in recent years. However, the methods for monitoring a stored product are limited to visual inspections and sampling. Thus, this research aimed to real-time equilibrium moisture content monitoring to predict grain quality of corn stored in different conditions in silo and raffia bags using wireless sensor network prototype, Internet of Things (IoT) platform, and neural network algorithms. Experiments were conducted using corn grain with two initial water contents of 13% and 18% (w.b.), three storage environments with temperatures of 30, 23, and 17 C, and two types of packaging, that is, silo and raffia bags, for a 3-month storage evaluation. During the monitoring
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