The data for this study are based on actual observations of global irradiation of the database provided by the National Institute of Meteorology-INMET during the period 2013 to 2015, by registered Meteorological Observation Automatic Station A101 located in the city of Manaus in Amazonas state. These data were used to determine the Clarity Index in order to classify the types of predominant sky in the Amazon municipality in the period studied, for planning purposes of photovoltaic power generation. The research also contributes to the algorithm in MATLAB to determine the distance Earth-Sun, Solar Irradiation Extraterrestrial and the Clarity Index. The results come from the analysis were obtained through Matlab and Excel software that enabled the realization of the sky classification based on the results of the Clarity Index..
Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da dissertação de mestrado, desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática (PPGECIM), da Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA). O objetivo foi analisar as concepções de 51 professores de Matemática, dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, do Município de Canoas/RS, em relação aos conteúdos dispostos na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), implantada em 2018. Utilizou-se a metodologia de base quali-quantitativa. Os dados obtidos foram oriundos da aplicação de um questionário a 51 professores de Matemática e entrevistas estruturadas, realizadas com 18 professores de Matemática (dentre os 51 professores) da rede municipal de Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados apontam que, do total de 51 professores, 58,83% afirmaram que a implantação da BNCC trará impactos positivos, e 45,09% declararam ter um bom conhecimento sobre a BNCC, também há relatos de inquietações e preocupações. Afirmaram que há conteúdos matemáticos que não estão sendo desenvolvidos pelos professores nos 5 eixos da BNCC (Geometria, Grandezas e Medidas, Estabilidade e Probabilidade, Números e Operações e Álgebras e Funções), dos quais destacam-se: plano cartesiano (6º e 7º anos), construções geométricas (7º ano), problemas com equações de 2º grau (8º ano), geometria analítica (9º ano) e função exponencial (9º ano). Palavras Chaves: Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Professores de Matemática. Anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Concepções de professores.
With the growth of the fleet of vehicles in recent years, it becomes essential to know the quality of the most used automotive lubricating oils on the market. The aim of this research was to analyze the performance of synthetic and semi-synthetic lubricants of Shell brand, synthetic lubricating oil used was 5W-40 and semi-synthetic was 10W-40, both had the same SAE viscosity of 40, On the packaging. Through experimental observations and laboratory tests used on the engine of a Gol City type 1.6 2014 Flex-type car that traveled 5,000 km with each lubricating oil. The research in question is relevant since many consumers of automotive vehicles do not have the specific knowledge about the quality of the lubricants taking into account only the price of the lubricating oil used. The research provided the knowledge of the physical properties through the kinematic viscosity test and viscosity index that were performed in a "Saybolt" viscometer, the results obtained in this step were converted to "centistokes" according to the approximate system conversion multiplication factors Of viscosity. The observation tests, water contamination in which a heating plate was used, were also carried out to verify which of the lubricating oils present the highest contamination by water.Keywords: Viscosity, Engine, Lubricating Oil, Synthetic, Semi-Synthetic.Estudo comparativo de óleos lubrificantes sintéticos e semissintético e suas capacidades de lubrificação RESUMO Com crescimento da frota de veículos nos últimos anos, torna-se primordial o conhecimento da qualidade dos óleos lubrificantes automotivos mais utilizados no mercado. Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o desempenho dos óleos lubrificantes de bases sintéticas e semissintéticas da marca Shell, óleo lubrificante sintético utilizado foi o 5W-40 e o semissintético foi o 10W-40, os dois apresentam o mesmo grau de viscosidade SAE de 40, apresentado na embalagem. Através de observações experimentais e ensaios em laboratório utilizados no motor de um automóvel tipo Gol City 1.6 2014 do tipo Flex que percorreu 5.000 km com cada óleo lubrificante. A pesquisa em questão é relevante tendo em vista que grande parte dos consumidores portadores de veículos automotivos não detém o conhecimento especifico sobre a qualidade dos lubrificantes levando em consideração somente o preço do óleo lubrificante utilizado. A pesquisa proporcionou o conhecimento das propriedades físicas através do teste de viscosidade cinemática e índice de viscosidade que foram realizados em um viscosímetro "Saybolt", os resultados obtidos nessa etapa foram convertido para "centistokes", segundo os fatores de multiplicação de conversão aproximada de sistema de viscosidade. Também foram realizados os testes de observação, contaminação por água em que foi utilizado uma chapa aquecedora, para verificar qual dos óleos lubrificante apresentam maior contaminação por água.
This research presents a case study that was carried out in a municipal school located in the East Zone of the M unicipality of M anaus. The project was developed in two classes of elementary school I for a quantitative of 80 (eighty) students of both sexes with ages between 10 and 13 years belonging to the 5th year of elementary school I aiming to propose a reflection on formal and non-formal environmental education. -formal approach to pedagogical practices regarding awareness, awareness and conservation for the development of environmental social transformation in the school context. Among the environmental education practices developed in this school are: lectures on fighting and control of fires, prevention of epidemiology and pollution of the environment . After the lectures the students expressed the learning of environmental perception through a workshop to create drawings that were exposed to the school community. These drawings and the learning with the lectures motivated the students to fight the destruction of the environment. For this, posters were prepared by the students to be used in a mobilizing walk of awareness about the conservation and preservation of the environment. In this walk were distributed seedlings to be planted next to the community located in the middle of the school.school for a quantitative of 80 (eighty) students of both sexes, aged 10 to 13 years, belonging to the 5th year Of elementary school I.
Electricity is an important factor in the everyday life of society, and every day consumption is increasing. Besides this fact, there is also the current concern with the preservation and preservation of the environment. This research aims to evaluate, through simulations using PVSOL PREMIUM 2017 software, the power generation of a photovoltaic system connected to the distribution grid. In the simulations it was admitted that the photovoltaic system will be installed in the Terra Santa of Pará with the following geographic coordinates Latitude -1º 22'47 '' and Longitude -48º 28'47 ''. In this system, 10 AXITEC AXPOWER AC-250P / 156-60S photovoltaic modules and a FRONIUS IG 3000 inverter will be used to meet an annual consumption requirement of 4041 kWh. Th is study will also allow to know the prediction of income with energy consumption, energy savings after system implementation, inverter efficiency, system performance, time of return of investment and amount of energy injected into the grid of distribution.
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