The source of lighting in ships can be sourced from electrical energy generated by using generators or now can utilize new renewable energy, such as solar energy using PV. Based on the existing potential, Indonesia has good solar energy potential. The measurement results show that the potential for solar energy reaches 6.37 kWh/m2/day. This potential can certainly be utilized in the marine and fisheries world. The utilization of PV as a source of electrical energy on fishing boats is expected to help support government policies in terms of the blue economy and overcome the limited number of fossil energy sources. In this study, the installation of PV with a size of 100 WP was installed on fishing boats. The need for electrical energy for PV energy output shows that it can meet 50.52% of electrical energy needs. This result is supported by the Wilcoxon test that electrical energy needs can be met by PV with a p < 0.005. The results of the economic analysis also show that the use of solar energy as a source of electrical energy provides an IRR of 9%, with a payback period of 8.87 years.
Hiu Macan 3 surveillance vessel is one of the Directorate General of Marine and Fisheries Resources Surveillance's supervisory vessels which plays an important role in marine surveillance in Eastern Indonesia. In support of monitoring activities, a reliable electrical system is needed and very careful maintenance methods are needed. To support these activities, a generator usage schedule is applied, either during operation or while leaning at the port. The main generator can be used to supply all the ship's electrical needs. The use of the main generator can be optimized to supply all the ship's electricity needs because the daily load percentage is still 33.79%, although this is still within the normal limits. If there is a problem with the main generator, a backup generator can be used, but only for lighting, navigation, and auxiliary engines. The maintenance schedule is required by performing daily, weekly, monthly, and overhaul maintenance. From the analysis carried out, the largest total daily electric power is 41.56 kVA and electrical energy is 310,676 kWh.
The huge potential of solar energy and the increasing demand for electrical energy when fishing at night allow fishing boats in Tablolong Village to use solar power plants as a source of electrical energy. The purpose of this utilization can indirectly overcome the need for electrical energy on fishing boats and reduce the use of fossil energy to turn on generators. Service activities in the form of solar power plants installation and maintenance training are in line with the policies of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Republic of Indonesia and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of Indonesia to preserve the environment, especially the sea. This activity was attended by 24 shipowners and the installation of 80 Wp solar power plants was carried out on two ships three GT. Based on the results of the activity assessment indicators from the questionnaire that was tested using the Wilcoxon test, it was found that the service activities showed an increase in understanding and skills by the community in the use of solar power plants. This increase is seen from knowledge of the ship's electrical system, knowledge of the ship's electrical operating system, and the ability to repair and maintain the ship's electrical system.
Pembangkitan dan pemanfaatan energi listrik yang baik pada sebuah kapal niaga akan memberikan rasa nyaman dan aman terhadap semua orang yang menggunakan fasilitas tersebut. Kapal XYZ merupakan salah satu kapal niaga di Nusa Tenggara Timur yang beroperasi untuk melayani penyeberangan dari Kupang menuju Rote. Kapal ini menggunakan 3 buah generator untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi listriknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsumsi energi dan bahan bakar yang dipergunakan selama melakukan kegiatan pelayaran dan mengetahui kondisi generator yang dipergunakan. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa presentase pembebanan generator terhadap beban listrik kapal masih cukup memenuhi, dengan rata-rata sebesar 8,76%. Konsumsi bahan bakar generator dalam sekali operasi sebesar 200,34 Liter/hari, masih sesuai dan mencukupi dari kapasitas ruang bahan bakar pada kapal. Pemakaian generator juga dilakukan secara efektif dan efisien dengan penjadwalan yang bergantian agar setiap generator dapat bekerja secara maksimal dalam waktu yang lama untuk menghindari overheat.
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