The source of lighting in ships can be sourced from electrical energy generated by using generators or now can utilize new renewable energy, such as solar energy using PV. Based on the existing potential, Indonesia has good solar energy potential. The measurement results show that the potential for solar energy reaches 6.37 kWh/m2/day. This potential can certainly be utilized in the marine and fisheries world. The utilization of PV as a source of electrical energy on fishing boats is expected to help support government policies in terms of the blue economy and overcome the limited number of fossil energy sources. In this study, the installation of PV with a size of 100 WP was installed on fishing boats. The need for electrical energy for PV energy output shows that it can meet 50.52% of electrical energy needs. This result is supported by the Wilcoxon test that electrical energy needs can be met by PV with a p < 0.005. The results of the economic analysis also show that the use of solar energy as a source of electrical energy provides an IRR of 9%, with a payback period of 8.87 years.
The need of electricity in every ship are very diverse. Power plants for using diesel as an engine can also come from sunlight as an alternative source of electrical energy. The measurement of solar energy in Indonesia is 4.8 kWh /m2. This renewable energy is in suitable for the Indonesian topography. Thus, the energy from the sunlight around the equator is so abundant that its availability is always available throughout the year, except when it rains. Utilization of solar energy can be used as a substitute for conventional energy which is starting to be limited and the price is quite expensive. Therefore, the data that are presented in this paper comes from publications, manufacturers, relevant official government documents, scientific publications and other publications. Utilization of solar energy as electrical energy can be done by using solar panels mounted in ships. The generated electricity can be used to turn on electrical equipment and send lights at night, and can be used as fishing aids. The use of solar power plant can also have a positive impact on fishermen, such as improving health, economy, environmental sustainability, and building independent fishermen.
This paper aims to review the current development of vessels with solar power to reference the research and development of solar power vessels in Indonesia. The research method is a systematic literature review on the development of solar-powered vessels and includes an online survey of vessels using solar PV. This study found 86 solar-powered vessels consisting of boats, utility boats, ferries, houseboats, research, vehicle carriers, dive boats, and yachts developed from 1988 to 2020. These solar-powered vessels were built for various functions such as competitions, cleaning the environment, passenger transportation, and water tourism. Production of solar-powered vessels is increasing in terms of production volume, PV capacity, and battery capacity. In terms of PV configuration, the solar array is dominated by a fixed array structure. However, there have been innovations using sun-tracking, wind tracking airfoils, and expandable channels to increase PV capacity.
Output daya dan energi suatu PLTS atau SHS dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain temperatur, intesitas cahaya matahari, orientasi panel surya, sudut kemiringan panel surya, kecepatan angin dan keadaan atmosfer bumi. Dari enam sampel SHS di Desa Ban Kubu Karangasem dengan menggunakan Analisis Friedman, dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Post Hoc Wilcoxon didapatkan hasil p < 0,001. Dari hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna untuk tegangan, arus, daya dan energi yang dihasilkan setiap SHS. Perbedaan ini menyebabkan energi listrik yang dihasilkan SHS juga berbeda, sehingga mempengaruhi kebutuhan energi listrik dan kehidupan masyarakat setiap hari. Untuk mengatasinya, maka untuk perencanaan dan pembangunan SHS untuk masyarakat pedesaan ke depannya lebih dioptimalkan sehingga energi yang dapat dinikmati oleh masyarakat lebih optimal dan berdaya guna
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