No abstract

Both the pLMA and cLMA provided a better seal of the oesophagus than the novel I-Gel airway. The pLMA and I-Gel drain off gastrointestinal fluid fast through the oesophageal lumen. Thus, tracheal aspiration may be prevented with their use. Further study is necessary.

Fractures of the body and hook of the hamate cannot always be detected with certainty in the conventional X-ray image, even if different projectional planes are used. The HR-CT is the imaging procedure of choice for further clarification, and an axial or sagittal plane should be selected.

The dorsal rami of the cervical and thoracic spinal nerves were investigated using both the in situ chohnesterase staining technique and chohnesterase staining on serial sections of plastic-embedded embryos. In most cases only the dorsal rami of the 2nd to 5th cervical spinal nerve possess cutaneous branches.The area innervated by the cutaneous branch of the dorsal ramus of the 5th spinal nerve borders on an area innervated by the cutaneaous branch of the dorsal ramus of the 1st thoracic spinal nerve. The dorsal rami of the cervical spinal nerves 6–8 show no cutaneous branches. Therefore the gap in the series of the dorsal cutaneous branches is due only to the middle part of the nerves of the brachial plexus, which range from the 5th cervical nerve to the 1st thoracic nerve.

For the diagnosis of fractures of the body and hook of the hamate HR-CT is the imaging procedure of choice, in which case an axial or sagittal plane should be chosen.

No abstract

Minimal invasive repair of isolated hamate hook fractures through a dorsal percutaneous approach is feasible. The special properties of the cannulated mini compression screw allow optimal screw positioning and stable fixation without risk of diplacement or disruption of the hook fragment.

Developing muscles from forelegs of 11- to 18-day-old mouse embryos were stained in situ for cholinesterase with the copper-ferrocyanide technique. The skin of the legs represents a diffusion barrier for the incubation medium. Therefore, in older embryos the skin was mechanically removed after trypsin digestion. In younger embryos the skin remained on the forelegs after trypsin treatment. With this technique it is possible to follow the establishment of the muscular pattern in the legs.