The<i>In Situ</i>Staining of Muscles During Development with the Cholinesterase Technique

Bogusch, Gottfried

doi:10.3109/10520298109067307

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This also implies that the development of the muscles and of the muscular pattern is independent of the development of their appropriate skeletal elements. Experimental evidence of the independence in the development of mus cles, tendons, and the skeleton was given among others by Shellswell and Wolpert [1977], In support of this concept is the fact that after hypoplasia of the hand skeleton, the antebrachial muscles display a nearly normal arrangement [Bogusch, 1981].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…9). In contrast to findings in rat embryos, staining of the tendons of mouse embryos is not seen [Bogusch, 1980[Bogusch, , 1981, Development of the muscles was now completed largely by light microscopic means. During the next days of develop ment the pennating of the muscles becomes increasingly distinct ( fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AChE staining method was described in detail by Bogusch [1981]. In brief, the legs were fixed for 5 h in a cold 4% paraformaldehyde-0.1 M phos phate buffer solution (pH 7.2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sullivan, 1962;Cihak, 1972/ 73;Grim and Carlson, 1974;Kanneff, 1979Kanneff, , 1980a. The staining of the myotubes with the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reaction after trypsin treatment allows the observation of the muscle blas temata in whole mounts of the extremities and of other regions of the body [Bogusch, 1980[Bogusch, , 1981. However, during this method only the uppermost myotubes are stained due to the slow penetration of the incuba tion medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Muscles in the Dorsal Foreleg of Rat Embryos. A Light Microscopic Study with the in situ Cholinesterase Staining Technique

Bogusch¹

1983

Cells Tissues Organs

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The development of muscles from the dorsal side of the forelegs from 13- to 21-day-old rat embryos was investigated under a light microscope. The muscle blastemata and individual muscles were stained in situ with the cholinesterase technique. The first muscle blastemata are visible on the early day 13. It appears that mainly myotubes are stained. The antebrachial and brachial extensor muscles form separated anlagen which connect on the late day 13 in the proximal region of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle. The individualization of the muscles in a muscle blastema takes place on days 13 and 14. On day 15 all extensor muscles are visible. However, at this time the inserting points of some of these muscles are not yet visible after staining with alcian blue. On the early day 16 the motor end-plates are conspicuous. Due to the content of unspecific cholinesterase in rat embryos the tendons are also stained on day 16. Muscles and tendons remain stainable until birth. In addition to the muscles also the nerves, especially the epifascial nerves, stain very well with the acetylcholinesterase reaction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AChE staining method was described in detail by Bogusch [1981]. In brief, the legs were fixed for 5 h in a cold 4% paraformaldehyde-0.1 M phos phate buffer solution (pH 7.2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of Muscles in the Dorsal Foreleg of Rat Embryos. A Light Microscopic Study with the in situ Cholinesterase Staining Technique

Bogusch¹

1983

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…The autoradiographic procedure has been described in detail (Stumpf & Sar 1975). The whole genital tract was stained for cholinesterase according to Bogusch (1981).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoradiographic binding studies with [3H]oestradiol and [3H]dihydrotestosterone in the autonomic genital ganglion (plexus of Frankenhäuser) of the mouse

Schleicher

Stumpf

Thiedemann

et al. 1985

Acta Endocrinologica

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Abstract. Male, female and Tfm mice (testicular feminization) were injected with [3H]oestradiol or [3H]dihydrotestosterone, and autoradiograms prepared of male accessory sex organs and of the cervico-vaginal portion of the female reproductive tract. After injection of [3H]oestradiol in male, female and Tfm animals a nuclear concentration of radioactivity was found in a subpopulation – about 20–30% – of the neurons of the genital ganglion. No such concentration was seen after [3H]dihydrotestosterone. The results suggest a direct genomic effect of oestradiol on certain neurons of the autonomic genital ganglion in both sexes.

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Myogenic Determination and Differentiation of the Mouse Palatal Muscle in Relation to the Developing Mandibular Nerve

et al. 1999

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The vertebrate palatal muscles are derived from the cranial paraxial mesoderm and start myogenesis by the expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). Predetermined myogenic cells migrate from the cranial paraxial mesoderm into the branchial arches, followed by myogenic differentiation. The objective of this study was to elucidate whether the determination, migration, and differentiation of myogenic cells during the myogenesis of the palatal muscles, particularly the tensor veli palatini (TVP), are related to the extending mandibular nerve in mouse embryos. By immunohistochemical staining at embryonic day (E) 9.5, MyoD1 and myogenin have been expressed in the mandibular arch, into which the mandibular nerve had not yet extended. At E11.5, these myogenic cells encircled the extending mandibular nerve and were distributed from the distal and lateral to the trigeminal ganglion and into the mandibular arch to form the muscle plate, a girdle-like structure. By E12.5, these myogenic cells lost their girdle-like pattern, vacated the trunk area of the mandibular nerve, and were separated into several incompletely divided masses encircling the collateral branches of the mandibular nerve. The TVP started differentiation at E13.5 with the appearance of myofilaments and acetylcholinesterase (AchE), whereas the other palatal muscles began differentiation at E14.5. We defined the differentiation process of mouse palatal muscles into five stages based on the present findings. These results suggest that the determination and initial migration of the palatal myogenic cells into the mandibular arch occur before the mandibular nerve extends out of the trigeminal ganglion, whereas the myogenic cells migrating into the final sites of differentiation intimately relate to the extending nerve.

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TheIn SituStaining of Muscles During Development with the Cholinesterase Technique

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Development of Muscles in the Dorsal Foreleg of Rat Embryos. A Light Microscopic Study with the in situ Cholinesterase Staining Technique

Development of Muscles in the Dorsal Foreleg of Rat Embryos. A Light Microscopic Study with the in situ Cholinesterase Staining Technique

Autoradiographic binding studies with [3H]oestradiol and [3H]dihydrotestosterone in the autonomic genital ganglion (plexus of Frankenhäuser) of the mouse

Myogenic Determination and Differentiation of the Mouse Palatal Muscle in Relation to the Developing Mandibular Nerve

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