Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the main causative agents of bovine mastitis and is associated with several economic losses for producers. Few studies have evaluated antimicrobial susceptibility and the prevalence of genetic resistance determinants among isolates of this bacterium from Brazilian dairy cattle. This work aimed to evaluate the frequency of the antimicrobial resistance genes ermA, ermB, mefA, tetO, tetM, aphA3, and aad-6, and in vitro susceptibility to the antimicrobials amikacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, penicillin, ceftiofur, and cefalotin, and the associations between resistance genotypes and phenotypes among 118 S. agalactiae isolates obtained from mastitic cows in Brazilian dairy herds. Of the resistance genes examined, ermB was found in 19 isolates (16.1%), tetO in 23 (19.5%), and tetM in 24 (20.3%). The genes ermA, mefA, aphA3, and aad-6 were not identified. There was an association between the presence of genes ermB, tetM, and tetO and phenotypic resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. Rates of resistance to the tested antibiotics varied, as follows: erythromycin (19.5%), tetracycline (35.6%), gentamicin (9.3%), clindamycin (20.3%), penicillin (3.4%), and amikacin (38.1%); conversely, all isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur and cefalotin. Antimicrobial resistance testing facilitates the treatment decision process, allowing the most judicious choice of antibiotics. Moreover, it enables regional and temporal monitoring of the resistance dynamics of this pathogen of high importance to human and animal health. Key words: Antimicrobial resistance genes. Bovine diseases. Bovine mastitis. GBS, MIC. ResumoStreptococcus agalactiae é um dos principais agentes causadores de mastite em bovinos e de consequentes perdas econômicas aos produtores. Poucos estudos que avaliaram a susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos e a presença de determinantes genéticos de resistência para este agente em bovinos leiteiros do Brasil. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a frequência dos genes de resistência a antimicrobianos ermA, ermB, mefA, tetO, tetM, aphA3, aad-6, bem como a susceptibilidade in vitro aos antimicrobianos amicacina, eritromicina, clindamicina, tetraciclina, gentamicina, penicilina, ceftiofur e cefalotina, e as associações entre genótipos e fenótipos de resistência em 118 isolados de S. agalactiae provenientes de casos de mastite em rebanhos bovinos brasileiros. Dentre os genes de resistência pesquisados, ermB foi encontrado em 19 isolados (16,1%), tetO em 23 (19,5%) e tetM em 24 (20,3%). Os genes ermA, mefA, apha3 e aad6 não foram detectados. Verificou-se associação entre a presença dos genes ermB, tetM e tetO e os fenótipos de resistência à eritromicina, clindamicina e tetraciclina. Foram encontrados diferentes índices de resistência aos antibióticos testados: Eritromicina (19,5%), tetraciclina (35,6%), gentamicina (9,3%), clindamicina (20,3%), penicilina (3,4%) e amicacina (38,1%). Todos os isolados foram susceptíveis ceftiofur e cefalotina. ...

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the main causative agents of bovine mastitis and is associated with several economic losses for producers. Few studies have evaluated antimicrobial susceptibility and the prevalence of genetic resistance determinants among isolates of this bacterium from Brazilian dairy cattle. This work aimed to evaluate the frequency of the antimicrobial resistance genes ermA, ermB, mefA, tetO, tetM, aphA3, and aad-6, and in vitro susceptibility to the antimicrobials amikacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, penicillin, ceftiofur, and cefalotin, and the associations between resistance genotypes and phenotypes among 118 S. agalactiae isolates obtained from mastitic cows in Brazilian dairy herds. Of the resistance genes examined, ermB was found in 19 isolates (16.1%), tetO in 23 (19.5%), and tetM in 24 (20.3%). The genes ermA, mefA, aphA3, and aad-6 were not identified. There was an association between the presence of genes ermB, tetM, and tetO and phenotypic resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. Rates of resistance to the tested antibiotics varied, as follows: erythromycin (19.5%), tetracycline (35.6%), gentamicin (9.3%), clindamycin (20.3%), penicillin (3.4%), and amikacin (38.1%); conversely, all isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur and cefalotin. Antimicrobial resistance testing facilitates the treatment decision process, allowing the most judicious choice of antibiotics. Moreover, it enables regional and temporal monitoring of the resistance dynamics of this pathogen of high importance to human and animal health. Key words: Antimicrobial resistance genes. Bovine diseases. Bovine mastitis. GBS, MIC. ResumoStreptococcus agalactiae é um dos principais agentes causadores de mastite em bovinos e de consequentes perdas econômicas aos produtores. Poucos estudos que avaliaram a susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos e a presença de determinantes genéticos de resistência para este agente em bovinos leiteiros do Brasil. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a frequência dos genes de resistência a antimicrobianos ermA, ermB, mefA, tetO, tetM, aphA3, aad-6, bem como a susceptibilidade in vitro aos antimicrobianos amicacina, eritromicina, clindamicina, tetraciclina, gentamicina, penicilina, ceftiofur e cefalotina, e as associações entre genótipos e fenótipos de resistência em 118 isolados de S. agalactiae provenientes de casos de mastite em rebanhos bovinos brasileiros. Dentre os genes de resistência pesquisados, ermB foi encontrado em 19 isolados (16,1%), tetO em 23 (19,5%) e tetM em 24 (20,3%). Os genes ermA, mefA, apha3 e aad6 não foram detectados. Verificou-se associação entre a presença dos genes ermB, tetM e tetO e os fenótipos de resistência à eritromicina, clindamicina e tetraciclina. Foram encontrados diferentes índices de resistência aos antibióticos testados: Eritromicina (19,5%), tetraciclina (35,6%), gentamicina (9,3%), clindamicina (20,3%), penicilina (3,4%) e amicacina (38,1%). Todos os isolados foram susceptíveis ceftiofur e cefalotina. ...

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the healing action of ethanolic extract of Brazilian green propolis on skin wounds with presence and absence of Staphylococcus aureus in rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups: in group A the rats were inoculated with S. aureus and treated with propolis. Group B rats were inoculated with S. aureus and treated with clindamycin. In group C, the rats not inoculated with S. aureus were treated with saline. In group D, rats not inoculated with S. aureus were treated with green propolis. The size of the wounds and the healing were evaluated. It was observed that the treatments that showed less scarring at 21 days referred to the rats inoculated with S. aureus and treated with propolis or clindamycin, and the rats not inoculated with S. aureus and treated with saline solution. On the other hand, in rats not inoculated with S. aureus and treated with propolis, there was greater scarring. Therefore, ethanolic extract is effective in treating wounds with absence of S. aureus.

Streptococcus agalactiae is the causal agent of several humans and animal diseases, being one of the main cause of bovine mastitis and the economic losses to the farmers. Additionally, this bacterium has been presented antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics more used. Given this, alternative treatment methods

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ANÁLISE DOS TRAÇOS CULTURAIS (1978;1984). Foi utilizada uma amostra não-probabilística de 127 questionários coletados no período de 26 a 30/10/2016. Os resultados demonstraram que ambos os traços se manifestam da mesma maneira para homens e mulheres, para funcionários de diferentes faixas de idade, para funcionários de diferentes níveis de escolaridade, para funcionários cuja função envolve ou não coordenação de pessoas, e para aquelas que possuem maior ou menor tempo de empresa, o que evidencia a penetração dos referidos traços em vários segmentos da sociedade, classificando-os, portanto, como traços culturais da cultura brasileira.Palavras-chave: Cultura Brasileira; Cultura Organizacional; Traço Cultural. ANALYSIS OF BRAZILIAN CULTURAL TRACES: A study in a national organization of the clothing and apparel sector _______________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe present study analyzed the manifestations of the cultural traits "Jeitinho" and "Sociedade Relacional" in an organization of the garment and clothing branch located in the state of Minas Gerais. For this, an exploratory-descriptive study was carried out, using a quantitative approach, using the instrument developed and validated by Fernandes (2006), whose elaboration was based on the theoretical essays of Freyre (2004), Holanda (1995), Ribeiro (2006) and Da Mata (1978, 1984. A non-probabilistic sample of 127 questionnaires collected in the period from October 26 to October 30, 1616 was used. The results showed that both traits manifest themselves in the same way for men and women, for employees of different age groups, for employees of different levels of education, for employees whose function involves or not coordination of people, and for those who have higher or shorter company time, which shows the penetration of these traits in various segments of society, thus classifying them as cultural traits of Brazilian culture.