Background: Breast cancer is the common malignant lesion in women. Fine needle aspiration cytology has high sensitivity and specificity and is a simple, rapid and safe method to diagnose breast lesions. The aim of the study was to categorize breast lesions and correlate the Fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis with histopatholoical findings.
Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study done in department of Pathology of Institute of medicine, Trivuwan university teaching hospital, from January 2007 to December 2010. There were 1403 FNAC cases and 469 histopathology cases. Fine needle aspiration correlation with histopathology was done in 249 cases. All the cases were categorized according to risk for cancers: Unsatisfactory sample, Inflammatory breast disease Benign proliferative breast disease without atypia, Benign proliferative breast disease with atypia, Suspicious for malignancy and Malignant lesions.
Results:Benign breast lesions were common in the age group of 21-30 years and malignant breast lesion common in the age of 41-50 years of age. In our study fibroadenoma was most common benign lesion and ductal carcinoma was the most common malignant lesion. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC for malignancy were found to be 98.2% and 98.5% respectively.
Conclusion:Fine needle aspiration cytology is highly sensitive and specific technique for diagnosis of most of the malignant and benign breast lesions.
Aim: To study factors affecting morbidity and mortality pattern in goats in Chambal division of Madhya Pradesh under village conditions. Materials and Methods: The sampling scheme adopted during study was stratified three stage random sampling and data on 549 goats were recorded. Results: The overall morbidity and mortality rate was 20.58% and 10.20% respectively. Proportional mortality due to diarrhoea was highest (35.71%) followed by pneumonia (28.57%) and miscellaneous causes (12.5%). Pattern of morbidity in male and female was almost similar. Age of goats was the most important factor and accounted for 39.29%, 28.57% and 32.14% mortality in 0-3 month, 6-9 month and above 9 months, respectively. The effect of season on goat mortality was significant (p<0.05).The incidence of mortality were 41.07%, 37.5% and 21.43% in winter, rainy and summer season respectively. Conclusion: In goats mortality was significantly influenced by age groups and suggesting that more care and attention need to be paid in kids 0-3 months age irrespective of season. Mortality due to various diseases in kids and adults could be minimized by identifying the cause and giving proper treatment. [Vet World 2013; 6(6.000): 329-331
Aim: To evaluate the effect of Electro-Acupuncture (EA) and Static Magnetic Field (SMF) therapy on healing of bone defect in rabbits.
Materials and MethodsA 2 mm bone defect was created at radial midshaft of 18 New Zealand White rabbits. The animals were then randomly divided into 3 equal groups. The animals in the group A did not receive any physiotherapy and served as control. Group B animals were treated with the EA using 50 Hz and 3-10 mA DD current for 10 min. Group C animals were treated with SMF therapy on alternate days till day 15. Activity of serum calcium (Ca), potassium (P) and ALP; Plasma Cortisol and LPO were evaluated preoperatively and on days 7, 15, 30 and 60 of experiment.Results: Postoperatively, SMF therapy treated animals exhibited higher Ca, P and ALP level and low initial level of Cortisol and LPO as compared to EA and control group animal.
Conclusion:SMF and EA had positive effect on bone defect healing and early resolution of stress, induced due to creation of bone defect, however SMF had an edge over EA.
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